.. zephyr:board:: nucleo_wba65ri

Overview

NUCLEO-WBA65RI is a Bluetooth® Low Energy, 802.15.4 and Zigbee® wireless and ultra-low-power board embedding a powerful and ultra-low-power radio compliant with the Bluetooth® Low Energy SIG specification v5.4 with IEEE 802.15.4-2015 and Zigbee® specifications.

The ARDUINO® Uno V3 connectivity support and the ST morpho headers allow the easy expansion of the functionality of the STM32 Nucleo open development platform with a wide choice of specialized shields.

Ultra-low-power wireless STM32WBA65RI microcontroller based on the Arm® Cortex® ‑M33 core with TrustZone®, MPU, DSP, and FPU, that operates at a frequency of up to 100 MHz, featuring 2 Mbyte of flash memory and 512 Kbytes of SRAM in a VFQFPN68 package
MCU RF board (MB2130):
- 2.4 GHz RF transceiver supporting Bluetooth® specification v5.4
- Arm® Cortex® M33 CPU with TrustZone®, MPU, DSP, and FPU
- Integrated PCB antenna
Three user LEDs
Three user and one reset push-buttons
Board connectors:
- 2 USB Type-C
- ARDUINO® Uno V3 expansion connector
- ST morpho headers for full access to all STM32 I/Os
Flexible power-supply options: ST-LINK USB VBUS or external sources
On-board STLINK-V3MODS debugger/programmer with USB re-enumeration capability: mass storage, Virtual COM port, and debug port

Hardware

The STM32WBA65xx multiprotocol wireless and ultralow power devices embed a powerful and ultralow power radio compliant with the Bluetooth® SIG Low Energy specification 5.4.

Includes ST state-of-the-art patented technology
Ultra low power radio:
- 2.4 GHz radio
- RF transceiver supporting Bluetooth® Low Energy 5.4 specification IEEE 802.15.4-2015 PHY and MAC, supporting Thread, Matter and Zigbee®
- Proprietary protocols
- RX sensitivity: -96 dBm (Bluetooth® Low Energy at 1 Mbps) and -100 dBm (IEEE 802.15.4 at 250 kbps)
- Programmable output power, up to +10 dBm with 1 dB steps
- Support for external PA
- Integrated balun to reduce BOM
- Suitable for systems requiring compliance with radio frequency regulations ETSI EN 300 328, EN 300 440, FCC CFR47 Part 15 and ARIB STD-T66
Ultra low power platform with FlexPowerControl:
- 1.71 to 3.6 V power supply
- - 40 °C to 85 °C temperature range
- Autonomous peripherals with DMA, functional down to Stop 1 mode
- 120 nA Standby mode (16 wake-up pins)
- 1.68 µA Standby mode with 64 KB SRAM with RTC
- 5.58 µA Stop 2 mode with 64 KB SRAM with RTC
- 28.75 µA/MHz Run mode at 3.3 V
- Radio: Rx 4.26 mA / Tx at 0 dBm 5.94 mA
ART Accelerator™: 8-Kbyte instruction cache allowing 0-wait-state execution from flash memory (frequency up to 100 MHz, 150 DMIPS)
Power management: embedded regulator LDO and SMPS step-down converter
Supporting switch on-the-fly and voltage scaling
Benchmarks:
- 1.5 DMIPS/MHz (Drystone 2.1)
- 410 CoreMark® (4.10 CoreMark/MHz)
Clock sources:
- 32 MHz crystal oscillator
- 32 kHz crystal oscillator (LSE)
- Internal low-power 32 kHz (±5%) RC
- Internal 16 MHz factory trimmed RC (±1%)
- PLL for system clock and ADC
Memories:
- 2 MB flash memory with ECC, including 256 Kbytes with 100 cycles
- 512 KB SRAM, including 64 KB with parity check
- 512-byte (32 rows) OTP
Rich analog peripherals (independent supply):
- 12-bit ADC 2.5 Msps with hardware oversampling
Communication peripherals:
- Four UARTs (ISO 7816, IrDA, modem)
- Three SPIs
- Four I2C Fm+ (1 Mbit/s), SMBus/PMBus®
System peripherals:
- Touch sensing controller, up to 24 sensors, supporting touch key, linear, rotary touch sensors
- One 16-bit, advanced motor control timer
- Three 16-bit timers
- Two 32-bit timer
- Two low-power 16-bit timers (available in Stop mode)
- Two Systick timers
- RTC with hardware calendar and calibration
- Two watchdogs
- 8-channel DMA controller, functional in Stop mode
Security and cryptography:
- Arm® TrustZone® and securable I/Os, memories, and peripherals
- Flexible life cycle scheme with RDP and password protected debug
- Root of trust thanks to unique boot entry and secure hide protection area (HDP)
- SFI (secure firmware installation) thanks to embedded RSS (root secure services)
- Secure data storage with root hardware unique key (RHUK)
- Secure firmware upgrade support with TF-M
- Two AES co-processors, including one with DPA resistance
- Public key accelerator, DPA resistant
- HASH hardware accelerator
- True random number generator, NIST SP800-90B compliant
- 96-bit unique ID
- Active tampers
- CRC calculation unit
Up to 86 I/Os (most of them 5 V-tolerant) with interrupt capability
Development support:
- Serial wire debug (SWD), JTAG, Embedded Trace Macrocell™
ECOPACK2 compliant package

More information about STM32WBA series can be found here:

STM32WBA Series on www.st.com_

Supported Features

.. zephyr:board-supported-hw::

Bluetooth® and IEEE 802.15.4 support

Bluetooth® Low Energy and IEEE 802.15.4 support are enabled on nucleo_wba65ri. To build a zephyr sample using this board you first need to install Bluetooth® and/or IEEE 802.15.4 Controller libraries available in Zephyr as binary blobs.

To fetch Binary Blobs:

.. code-block:: console

west blobs fetch hal_stm32

Zephyr board options

Zephyr supports building both Secure and Non-Secure firmware for Nucleo WBA65RI board where TF-M is the embedded Secure firmware and Zephyr the Non-Secure firmware.

The BOARD options are summarized below:

+---------------------------------+------------------------------------------+ | BOARD | Description | +=================================+==========================================+ | stm32wba65i_dk1 | For building TrustZone Disabled firmware | +---------------------------------+------------------------------------------+ | stm32wba65i_dk1/stm32wba65xx/ns | For building Non-Secure firmware | +---------------------------------+------------------------------------------+

Here are the instructions to build Zephyr with a non-secure configuration, using :zephyr:code-sample:tfm_ipc sample:

.. zephyr-app-commands:: :zephyr-app: samples/tfm_integration/tfm_ipc :board: nucleo_wba65ri/stm32wba65xx/ns :goals: build

Once done, before flashing, you need to first run a generated script that will set platform Option Bytes config and erase internal flash (among others, Option Bit TZEN will be set).

.. code-block:: bash

$ ./build/tfm/api_ns/regression.sh $ west flash

Please note that, after having programmed the board for a TrustZone enabled system (e.g. with ./build/tfm/api_ns/regression.sh), the SoC TZEN Option Byte is enabled and you will need to operate specific sequence to disable this TZEN Option Byte configuration to get your board back in normal state for booting with a TrustZone disabled system (e.g. without TF-M support). You can use STM32CubeProgrammer_ to disable the SoC TZEN Option Byte config. Refer to How to disable STM32WBA65 TZEN Option Byte_.

Connections and IOs

Nucleo WBA65RI Board has 4 GPIO controllers. These controllers are responsible for pin muxing, input/output, pull-up, etc.

Default Zephyr Peripheral Mapping:

.. rst-class:: rst-columns

USART_1 TX/RX : PB12/PA8
I2C_1_SCL : PB2
I2C_1_SDA : PB1
USER_PB : PC13
LD1 : PD8
SPI_2_NSS : PB9 (arduino_spi)
SPI_2_SCK : PB10 (arduino_spi)
SPI_2_MISO : PA9 (arduino_spi)
SPI_2_MOSI : PC3 (arduino_spi)

System Clock

Nucleo WBA65RI System Clock could be driven by internal or external oscillator, as well as main PLL clock. By default System clock is driven by HSE+PLL clock at 100MHz.

Serial Port

Nucleo WBA65RI board has 3 U(S)ARTs. The Zephyr console output is assigned to USART1. Default settings are 115200 8N1.

Programming and Debugging

.. zephyr:board-supported-runners::

Nucleo WBA65RI board includes an ST-LINK/V3 embedded debug tool interface. It could be used for flash and debug using either OpenOCD or STM32Cube ecosystem tools.

Flashing

The board is configured to be flashed using west STM32CubeProgrammer_ runner, so its :ref:installation <stm32cubeprog-flash-host-tools> is required.

Alternatively, OpenOCD can also be used to flash the board using the --runner (or -r) option:

.. code-block:: console

$ west flash --runner openocd

Flashing an application to Nucleo WBA65RI

Here is an example for the :zephyr:code-sample:blinky application.

.. zephyr-app-commands:: :zephyr-app: samples/basic/blinky :board: nucleo_wba65ri :goals: build flash

You will see the LED blinking every second.

Debugging

Debugging using OpenOCD

OpenOCD added STM32WB65x full support in January 2026 (OpenOCD WBA6xx commit), after v0.12.0 release tag. Leveraging OpenOCD support for STM32WBA5x (merged in OpenOCD WBA5xx commit, September 2023, after v0.12.0 release tag) allows basic support. Zephyr SDK fork of OpenOCD currently only includes this STM32WBA5x support.

Assuming your OpenOCD tool (local or from the Zephyr SDK) supports at least STM32WBA5x, you can debug an application in the usual way using OpenOCD. Here is an example for the :zephyr:code-sample:blinky application.

.. zephyr-app-commands:: :zephyr-app: samples/basic/blinky :board: nucleo_wba65ri :maybe-skip-config: :goals: debug

.. _STM32WBA Series on www.st.com: https://www.st.com/en/microcontrollers-microprocessors/stm32wba-series.html

.. _STM32CubeProgrammer: https://www.st.com/en/development-tools/stm32cubeprog.html

.. _How to disable STM32WBA65 TZEN Option Byte: https://wiki.st.com/stm32mcu/wiki/Connectivity:STM32WBA_BLE_%26_TrustZone#How_to_disable_the_TrustZone

.. _OpenOCD WBA6xx commit: https://github.com/openocd-org/openocd/commit/df14f586629a70878636d138ec3bffd9148aaf1b

.. _OpenOCD WBA5xx commit: https://github.com/openocd-org/openocd/commit/870769b0ba9f4dae6ada9d8b1a40d75bd83aaa06