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Overview

boards/nxp/imx943_evk/doc/index.rst

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.. zephyr:board:: imx943_evk

Overview


The IMX943LP5EVK-19 board is a design and evaluation platform based on the NXP i.MX 943 processor. The i.MX 943 processor integrates up to four Arm Cortex-A55 cores, along with two Arm Cortex-M33 cores and two Arm Cortex-M7 cores for functional safety. With PLCs, I/O controllers, V2X accelerators, ML acceleration, energy management, and advanced security, the i.MX 943 processor provides optimized performance and power efficiency for industrial, IoT, and automotive devices. The i.MX943 device on the board comes in a compact 19 x 19 mm/15 x 15 mm package.

Hardware


  • i.MX 943 automotive applications processor

    • The processor integrates up to four Arm Cortex-A55 cores, and supports functional safety with built-in Arm Cortex-M33 and -M7 cores
  • DRAM memory: 8-Gbit LPDDR5 DRAM

  • XSPI interface: 64 MB octal SPI NOR flash memory

  • eMMC: 32 GB eMMC NAND flash memory

  • uSDHC interface: an SD card slot

  • USB interface: Two USB Type-C ports

  • Ethernet interface: seven Ethernet ports

  • PCIe interface: one M.2 slot and one PCIe x4 slot.

  • FlexCAN interface: four CAN controller with four CAN connector.

  • LPUART interface

  • LPSPI interface

  • LPI2C interface

  • SAI interface

  • MQS interface

  • MICFIL interface

  • LVDS interface

  • ADC interface

  • SINC interface

  • Debug interface

    • One USB-to-UART/MPSSE device, FT4232H
    • One USB 3.2 Type-C connector (J15) for FT4232H provides quad serial ports
    • JTAG header J16

Supported Features

.. zephyr:board-supported-hw::

System Clock

This board configuration uses a system clock frequency of 24 MHz for Cortex-A55. Cortex-A55 Core runs up to 1.7 GHz. Cortex-M33 Core runs up to 333MHz in which SYSTICK runs on same frequency.

Serial Port

This board configuration uses a single serial communication channel with the CPU's UART1 for Cortex-A55, and UART8 for Cortex-M33.

Ethernet

NETC driver supports to manage the Physical Station Interface (PSI), and TSN switch. The ENET0, ENETC1, ENETC2 ports could be enabled for M33 by west build option -DEXTRA_DTC_OVERLAY_FILE=enetc.overlay.

For A55 Core, ENET0, ENETC1, ENETC2 ports are enabled by default, so no overlay is needed, but NETC depends on GIC ITS, so need to make sure to allocate heap memory to be larger than 851968 byes by setting CONFIG_HEAP_MEM_POOL_SIZE.

On the EVK board, switch port0 and port2 are connected to both SGMII port (SGMII-swp0 and SGMII-swp1) and 100M port (swp0 and swp1), currently only 100M port (swp0 and swp1) is enabled, so could connect to 100M port for verify two switch ports.

The two switch ports could be verified via :zephyr:code-sample:dsa on M33 core or on A55 Core, for example for A55 Core:

.. zephyr-app-commands:: :zephyr-app: samples/net/ethernet/dsa :host-os: unix :board: imx943_evk/mimx94398/a55 :goals: flash

Or for M33 Core:

.. zephyr-app-commands:: :zephyr-app: samples/net/ethernet/dsa :host-os: unix :board: imx943_evk/mimx94398/m33/ddr :goals: build

Programming and Debugging (A55)


.. zephyr:board-supported-runners::

There are multiple methods to program and debug Zephyr on the A55 core:

Option 1. Boot Zephyr by Using JLink Runner

Dependency

Need to disable all watchdog in U-Boot, otherwise, watchdog will reset the board after Zephyr start up from the same A55 Core.

Setup

The default runner for the board is JLink, connect the EVK board's JTAG connector to the host computer using a J-Link debugger, power up the board and stop the board at U-Boot command line.

Then use "west flash" or "west debug" command to load the zephyr.bin image from the host computer and start the Zephyr application on A55 core0.

Flash and Run

Here is an example for the :zephyr:code-sample:hello_world application.

.. zephyr-app-commands:: :zephyr-app: samples/hello_world :host-os: unix :board: imx943_evk/mimx94398/a55 :goals: flash

Then the following log could be found on UART1 console:

.. code-block:: console

*** Booting Zephyr OS build v4.1.0-3650-gdb71736adb68 ***
Hello World! imx943_evk/mimx94398/a55

Debug

Here is an example for the :zephyr:code-sample:hello_world application.

.. zephyr-app-commands:: :zephyr-app: samples/hello_world :host-os: unix :board: imx943_evk/mimx94398/a55 :goals: debug

Option 2. Boot Zephyr by Using U-Boot Command

U-Boot "go" command can be used to start Zephyr on A55 Core0.

Dependency

Need to disable all watchdog in U-Boot, otherwise, watchdog will reset the board after Zephyr start up from the same A55 Core.

Step 1: Build Zephyr application

Here is an example for the :zephyr:code-sample:hello_world application.

.. zephyr-app-commands:: :zephyr-app: samples/hello_world :host-os: unix :board: imx943_evk/mimx94398/a55 :goals: build

Step 2: Download Zephyr Image into DDR Memory

Firstly need to download Zephyr binary image into DDR memory, it can use tftp:

.. code-block:: console

tftp 0xd0000000 zephyr.bin

Or copy the Zephyr image zephyr.bin SD card and plug the card into the board, for example if copy to the FAT partition of the SD card, use the following U-Boot command to load the image into DDR memory (assuming the SD card is dev 1, fat partition ID is 1, they could be changed based on actual setup):

.. code-block:: console

fatload mmc 1:1 0xd0000000 zephyr.bin;

Step 3: Boot Zephyr

Use the following command to boot Zephyr on the core0:

.. code-block:: console

dcache flush; icache flush; go 0xd0000000;

Then the following log could be found on UART1 console:

.. code-block:: console

*** Booting Zephyr OS build v4.1.0-3650-gdb71736adb68 ***
Hello World! imx943_evk/mimx94398/a55

Cortex-A55 SMP

The default SMP variant runs on all four Cortex-A Core, it could be changed by disabling some A55 Core nodes in dts and change :kconfig:option:CONFIG_MP_MAX_NUM_CPUS to the count of enabled A55 Cores in dts.

Building SMP kernel, for example, with the :zephyr:code-sample:synchronization sample:

.. zephyr-app-commands:: :zephyr-app: samples/synchronization :host-os: unix :board: imx943_evk/mimx94398/a55/smp :goals: build

For different booting method, need to make sure SMP Zephyr to be started from the first CPU Core listed in "cpus" dts node, so the first A55 Core in default SMP variant dts is Core0, it could be booted by U-Boot "go" command, J-Link runner or SPSDK runner.

Option 3. Boot Zephyr by Using SPSDK Runner

SPSDK runner leverages SPSDK tools (https://spsdk.readthedocs.io), it builds an bootable flash image flash.bin which includes all necessary firmware components, such as ELE+V2X firmware, System Manager, DDR OEI, TF-A images etc. Using west flash command will download the boot image flash.bin to DDR memory, or burn the boot image to SD card or eMMC flash. By using flash.bin, as no U-Boot image is available, so TF-A will boot up Zephyr on the first Cortex-A55 Core directly.

In order to use SPSDK runner, it requires fetching binary blobs, which can be achieved by running the following command:

.. code-block:: console

west blobs fetch hal_nxp

.. note::

It is recommended running the command above after :file:west update.

SPSDK runner is enabled by configure item :kconfig:option:CONFIG_BOARD_NXP_SPSDK_IMAGE, currently it is not enabled by default for i.MX943 EVK board, so use this configuration to enable it, for example, with the :zephyr:code-sample:synchronization sample:

.. zephyr-app-commands:: :zephyr-app: samples/synchronization :host-os: unix :board: imx943_evk/mimx94398/a55 :goals: build :gen-args: -DCONFIG_BOARD_NXP_SPSDK_IMAGE=y

If :kconfig:option:CONFIG_BOARD_NXP_SPSDK_IMAGE is available and enabled for the board variant, flash.bin will be built automatically. The programming could be through below commands. Before that, switch SW4[3:0] should be configured to 0b1001 for USB download mode to boot, and USB1 and DBG ports should be connected to PC. There are 4 serial ports enumerated (115200 8n1), and we use the third one for A55 Zephyr and the fourth for M33 System Manager. (The flasher is spsdk which already installed via scripts/requirements.txt. On linux host, usb device permission should be configured per Installation Guide of https://spsdk.readthedocs.io)

.. code-block:: none

load and run without programming. for next flashing, execute 'reset' in the

fourth serail port

$ west flash -r spsdk

program to SD card, then set SW4[3:0]=0b1011 and reboot the board from SD

$ west flash -r spsdk --bootdevice sd

program to emmc card, then set SW4[3:0]=0b1010 and reboot the board from eMMC

$ west flash -r spsdk --bootdevice=emmc

Then Zephyr log could be found in the third serial port's Console.

Notes: the default boot image is for LPDDR5 EVK board, enable configure item :kconfig:option:CONFIG_BOARD_NXP_LPDDR4 to build the boot image for LPDDR4 EVK board.

Programming and Debugging (M33 in NETC MIX, M7_0 in M7MIX0, M7_1 in M7MIX1)


Step 1. Build Zephyr application

Here is an example to build the :zephyr:code-sample:hello_world application.

For TCM target

.. zephyr-app-commands:: :zephyr-app: samples/hello_world :board: imx943_evk/mimx94398/m33 :goals: build

.. zephyr-app-commands:: :zephyr-app: samples/hello_world :board: imx943_evk/mimx94398/m7_0 :goals: build

.. zephyr-app-commands:: :zephyr-app: samples/hello_world :board: imx943_evk/mimx94398/m7_1 :goals: build

For DDR target

.. zephyr-app-commands:: :zephyr-app: samples/hello_world :board: imx943_evk/mimx94398/m33/ddr :goals: build

Step 2. Build bootable firmware

The imx-mkimage tool and some other firmware files from i.MX Linux BSP release_ are required to make a bootable firmware to program to SD/eMMC.

Below is an operations example on Linux host. (For more detail, refer to i.MX Linux BSP release_ 6.12.3_1.0.0)

.. code-block:: console

download

git clone https://github.com/nxp-imx/imx-mkimage.git -b lf-6.12.3_1.0.0 git clone https://github.com/nxp-imx/imx-sm.git -b lf-6.12.3-imx943-er1 git clone https://github.com/nxp-imx/imx-oei.git -b lf-6.12.3-imx943-er1

wget https://www.nxp.com/lgfiles/NMG/MAD/YOCTO/firmware-imx-8.27-5af0ceb.bin wget https://www.nxp.com/lgfiles/NMG/MAD/YOCTO/firmware-ele-imx-2.0.1-0a66c34.bin

some firmware files need to be unpacked

chmod 777 firmware-imx-8.27-5af0ceb.bin chmod 777 firmware-ele-imx-2.0.1-0a66c34.bin ./firmware-imx-8.27-5af0ceb.bin --auto-accept ./firmware-ele-imx-2.0.1-0a66c34.bin --auto-accept

some firmware files need to be built from source

export TOOLS=$ARMGCC_DIR export SM_CROSS_COMPILE=${TOOLS}/bin/arm-none-eabi- export OEI_CROSS_COMPILE=${TOOLS}/bin/arm-none-eabi-

make -C imx-oei board=mx943lp5-19 oei=ddr d=1 all make -C imx-sm config=mx94alt cfg make -C imx-sm config=mx94alt all

make bootable firmware flash.bin

cp firmware-imx-8.27-5af0ceb/firmware/ddr/synopsys/lpddr5*v202409.bin imx-mkimage/iMX94/ cp firmware-ele-imx-2.0.1-0a66c34/mx943a0-ahab-container.img imx-mkimage/iMX94/ cp imx-sm/build/mx94alt/m33_image.bin imx-mkimage/iMX94/ cp imx-oei/build/mx943lp5-19/ddr/oei-m33-ddr.bin imx-mkimage/iMX94/ cp zephyr/build/zephyr/zephyr.bin imx-mkimage/iMX94/m33s_image.bin (m70_image.bin or m71_image.bin)

cd imx-mkimage make SOC=iMX94 OEI=YES flash_m33s # for TCM target make SOC=iMX94 OEI=YES flash_m33s_ddr # for DDR target or make SOC=iMX94 OEI=YES flash_m33s_m70_m71 # for TCM target

Program to SD card

dd if=iMX94/flash.bin of=/dev/sdb bs=1k seek=32 && sync

Note: for this Linux BSP release version, we need to do some changes in imx-sm and imx-mkimage to support M33 boot and DDR target.

imx-sm changes:

.. code-block:: console

diff --git a/configs/mx94alt.cfg b/configs/mx94alt.cfg index 4613900..069992a 100755 --- a/configs/mx94alt.cfg +++ b/configs/mx94alt.cfg @@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ FAULT_SWNCF04 OWNER, reaction=sys_shutdown # Boot EENV # #==========================================================================#

-LM1 name="Boot", rpc=scmi, boot=2, skip=1, did=3, default +LM1 name="Boot", rpc=scmi, boot=2, skip=1, did=13, default

DFMT0:              sa=secure
DFMT1:              sa=secure, pa=privileged

@@ -322,10 +322,6 @@ DATA: perm=rw

PD_NETC             stop=6
CPU_M33S            start=1, stop=5

-PD_M70 stop=4 -CPU_M7P0 start=2, stop=3 -PD_M71 stop=2 -CPU_M7P1 start=3, stop=1

# Start/Stop (mSel=1)

imx-mkimage changes:

.. code-block:: console

diff --git a/iMX94/soc.mak b/iMX94/soc.mak index 838d2a2..bc756f9 100644 --- a/iMX94/soc.mak +++ b/iMX94/soc.mak @@ -392,6 +392,11 @@ flash_m33s: $(MKIMG) $(AHAB_IMG) $(MCU_IMG) $(M33S_IMG) $(OEI_IMG_M33) -m33 $(MCU_IMG) 0 $(MCU_TCM_ADDR)
-m33 $(M33S_IMG) 1 $(M33S_TCM_ADDR) $(M33S_TCM_ADDR_ALIAS) -out flash.bin

+flash_m33s_ddr: $(MKIMG) $(AHAB_IMG) $(MCU_IMG) $(M33S_IMG) $(OEI_IMG_M33)

  •   ./$(MKIMG) -soc IMX9 -cntr_version 2 -u 1 -append $(AHAB_IMG) -c $(OEI_OPT_M33) -msel $(MSEL) \
    
  •              -m33 $(MCU_IMG) 0 $(MCU_TCM_ADDR) \
    
  •              -m33 $(M33S_IMG) 1 0x86000000 0x86000000 -out flash.bin
    
flash_m33s_xspi: $(MKIMG) $(AHAB_IMG) $(MCU_IMG) $(M33S_IMG) $(OEI_IMG_M33)
       ./$(MKIMG) -soc IMX9 -cntr_version 2 -u 1 -append $(AHAB_IMG) -dev flexspi -c $(OEI_OPT_M33) -msel $(MSEL) \
                  -m33 $(MCU_IMG) 0 $(MCU_TCM_ADDR) \

Step 3. Boot Zephyr

Boot board from SD card. It will display the following console output.

For TCM target

.. code-block:: console

*** Booting Zephyr OS build v4.1.0-5264-g8654b4029d16 *** Hello World! imx943_evk/mimx94398/m33

.. code-block:: console

*** Booting Zephyr OS build v4.2.0-803-g5537e8d9b3f1 *** Hello World! imx943_evk/mimx94398/m7_0

.. code-block:: console

*** Booting Zephyr OS build v4.2.0-803-g2f145e66dce2 *** Hello World! imx943_evk/mimx94398/m7_1

For DDR target

.. code-block:: console

*** Booting Zephyr OS build v4.1.0-5264-g8654b4029d16 *** Hello World! imx943_evk/mimx94398/m33/ddr

Note:

a. Please connect two additional USB-to-Serial converters between the Host PC and the board's Arduino interface using Dupont cables. For M70 in M7MIX0 and M71 in M7MIX1, make the connections as shown below.

.. code-block:: text

+---------+ USB +-----------------+ +---------+ | Host PC |<----->| USB-to-Serial a |--TX-->RX(J48-2, M2_UART11_RXD)--| board | | | | |--RX<--TX(J48-4, M2_UART11_TXD)--| | | | | |--GND----------------GND(J47-14)-| | | | +-----------------+ | | | | | | | | USB +-----------------+ | | | |<----->| USB to Serial b |--TX-->RX(J44-2, M1_UART12_RXD)--| | | | | |--RX<--TX(j44-4, M1_UART12_TXD)--| | | | | |--GND----------------GND(J43-14)-| | +---------+ +-----------------+ +---------+

b. For debugging system via JTAG interface, please connect one additional USB-to-Serial converter between the Host PC and the board's Arduino interface using Dupont cables. For M33S in NETCMIX, (LPUART8's pads reused by JTAG's pads, so change to use another UART3, then UART3 and JTAG can be used at the same time.) make the connections as shown below,

.. code-block:: text

+---------+ USB +-----------------+ +---------+ | Host PC |<----->| USB-to-Serial c |--TX-->RX(J44-10, M1_LED_TP1, LPUART3_RX)--| board | | | | |--RX<--TX(J51-18, M1_PWM_CX, LPUART3_TX)---| | | | | |--GND--GND(J45-12)-------------------------| | | | +-----------------+ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +---------+ +---------+

c. There will be 4 serial ports identified when connect USB cable to debug port. The first serial port will be UART8 for M33. As there is multiplexing between JTAG and UART8, below bcu (bcu 1.1.113 download_) configuration is needed to use UART8.

.. code-block:: console

bcu lsftdi bcu set_gpio fta_jtag_host_en 0 -board=imx943evk19b1 -id=1-1

.. _bcu 1.1.113 download: https://github.com/nxp-imx/bcu/releases/tag/bcu_1.1.113

.. _i.MX Linux BSP release: https://www.nxp.com/design/design-center/software/embedded-software/i-mx-software/embedded-linux-for-i-mx-applications-processors:IMXLINUX

.. include:: ../../common/board-footer.rst.inc