Strings

All text strings in MuPDF use the UTF-8 encoding.

Unicode

The following functions encode and decode UTF-8 characters, and return the number of bytes used by the UTF-8 character (at most FZ_UTFMAX).

int fz_chartorune(int *rune, const char *str);
int fz_runetochar(char *str, int rune);

Locale Independent

Since many of the C string functions are locale dependent, we also provide our own locale independent versions of these functions. We also have a couple of semi-standard functions like strsep and strlcpy that we can't rely on the system providing. These should be pretty self explanatory:

char *fz_strdup(fz_context *ctx, const char *s);
float fz_strtof(const char *s, char **es);
char *fz_strsep(char **stringp, const char *delim);
size_t fz_strlcpy(char *dst, const char *src, size_t n);
size_t fz_strlcat(char *dst, const char *src, size_t n);
void *fz_memmem(const void *haystack, size_t haystacklen, const void *needle, size_t needlelen);
int fz_strcasecmp(const char *a, const char *b);

There are also a couple of functions to process filenames and URLs:

char *fz_cleanname(char *path); : Rewrite path in-place to the shortest string that names the same path. Eliminates multiple and trailing slashes, and interprets "." and "..".

void fz_dirname(char *dir, const char *path, size_t dir_size); : Extract the directory component from a path.

char *fz_urldecode(char *url); : Decode URL escapes in-place.

Formatting

Our printf family handles the common printf formatting characters, with a few minor differences. We also support several non-standard formatting characters. The same printf syntax is used in the printf functions in the I/O module as well.

size_t fz_vsnprintf(char *buffer, size_t space, const char *fmt, va_list args);
size_t fz_snprintf(char *buffer, size_t space, const char *fmt, ...);
char *fz_asprintf(fz_context *ctx, const char *fmt, ...);

%%, %c, %e, %f, %p, %x, %d, %u, %s : These behave as usual, but only take padding (+,0,space), width, and precision arguments.

%g float : Prints the float in the shortest possible format that won't lose precision, except NaN to 0, +Inf to FLT_MAX, -Inf to -FLT_MAX.

%M fz_matrix* : Prints all 6 coefficients in the matrix as %g separated by spaces.

%R fz_rect* : Prints all x0, y0, x1, y1 in the rectangle as %g separated by spaces.

%P fz_point* : Prints x, y in the point as %g separated by spaces.

%C int : Formats character as UTF-8. Useful to print unicode text.

%q char* : Formats string using double quotes and C escapes.

%( char* : Formats string using parenthesis quotes and Postscript escapes.

%n char* : Formats string using prefix / and PDF name hex-escapes.