HTML theming

Sphinx provides a number of builders for HTML and HTML-based formats.

Builders

.. todo:: Populate when the 'builders' document is split up.

Themes

.. versionadded:: 0.6

.. note::

This section provides information about using pre-existing HTML themes. If you wish to create your own theme, refer to :ref:extension-html-theme.

Sphinx supports changing the appearance of its HTML output via themes. A theme is a collection of HTML templates, stylesheet(s) and other static files. Additionally, it has a configuration file which specifies from which theme to inherit, which highlighting style to use, and what options exist for customizing the theme's look and feel.

Themes are meant to be project-unaware, so they can be used for different projects without change.

Using a theme


Using a :ref:`theme provided with Sphinx <builtin-themes>` is easy. Since these
do not need to be installed, you only need to set the :confval:`html_theme`
config value. For example, to enable the ``classic`` theme, add the following
to :file:`conf.py`::

    html_theme = "classic"

You can also set theme-specific options using the :confval:`html_theme_options`
config value.  These options are generally used to change the look and feel of
the theme. For example, to place the sidebar on the right side and a black
background for the relation bar (the bar with the navigation links at the
page's top and bottom), add the following :file:`conf.py`::

    html_theme_options = {
        "rightsidebar": "true",
        "relbarbgcolor": "black"
    }

If the theme does not come with Sphinx, it can be in two static forms or as a
Python package. For the static forms, either a directory (containing
:file:`theme.toml` and other needed files), or a zip file with the same
contents is supported. The directory or zipfile must be put where Sphinx can
find it; for this there is the config value :confval:`html_theme_path`. This
can be a list of directories, relative to the directory containing
:file:`conf.py`, that can contain theme directories or zip files.  For example,
if you have a theme in the file :file:`blue.zip`, you can put it right in the
directory containing :file:`conf.py` and use this configuration::

    html_theme = "blue"
    html_theme_path = ["."]

The third form is a Python package.  If a theme you want to use is distributed
as a Python package, you can use it after installing

.. code-block:: console

    # installing theme package
    $ pip install sphinxjp.themes.dotted

Once installed, this can be used in the same manner as a directory or
zipfile-based theme::

    html_theme = "dotted"

For more information on the design of themes, including information about
writing your own themes, refer to :ref:`extension-html-theme`.

.. _builtin-themes:

Builtin themes

.. cssclass:: longtable, standard

Sphinx comes with a selection of themes to choose from.

Note that from these themes only the Alabaster and Scrolls themes are mobile-optimated, the other themes resort to horizontal scrolling if the screen is too narrow.

.. cssclass:: clear

These themes are:

basic This is a basically unstyled layout used as the base for the other themes, and usable as the base for custom themes as well. The HTML contains all important elements like sidebar and relation bar. There are these options (which are inherited by the other themes):

nosidebar (true or false): Don't include the sidebar. Defaults to False.
sidebarwidth (int or str): Width of the sidebar in pixels. This can be an int, which is interpreted as pixels or a valid CSS dimension string such as '70em' or '50%'. Defaults to 230 pixels.
body_min_width (int or str): Minimal width of the document body. This can be an int, which is interpreted as pixels or a valid CSS dimension string such as '70em' or '50%'. Use 0 if you don't want a width limit. Defaults may depend on the theme (often 450px).
body_max_width (int or str): Maximal width of the document body. This can be an int, which is interpreted as pixels or a valid CSS dimension string such as '70em' or '50%'. Use 'none' if you don't want a width limit. Defaults may depend on the theme (often 800px).
navigation_with_keys (true or false): Allow navigating with the following keyboard shortcuts:
- :kbd:Left arrow: previous page
- :kbd:Right arrow: next page
Defaults to False.
enable_search_shortcuts (true or false): Allow jumping to the search box with :kbd:/ and allow removal of search highlighting with :kbd:Esc.

Defaults to True.
globaltoc_collapse (true or false): Only expand subsections of the current document in globaltoc.html (see :confval:html_sidebars). Defaults to True.

.. versionadded:: 3.1
globaltoc_includehidden (true or false): Show even those subsections in globaltoc.html (see :confval:html_sidebars) which have been included with the :hidden: flag of the :rst:dir:toctree directive. Defaults to False.

.. versionadded:: 3.1
globaltoc_maxdepth (int): The maximum depth of the toctree in globaltoc.html (see :confval:html_sidebars). Set it to -1 to allow unlimited depth. Defaults to the max depth selected in the toctree directive.

.. versionadded:: 3.2

alabaster Alabaster theme_ is a modified "Kr" Sphinx theme from @kennethreitz (especially as used in his Requests project), which was itself originally based on @mitsuhiko's theme used for Flask & related projects. Refer to its installation page_ for information on how to configure :confval:html_sidebars for its use.

.. _Alabaster theme: https://pypi.org/project/alabaster/ .. _installation page: https://alabaster.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installation.html

classic This is the classic theme, which looks like the Python 2 documentation <https://docs.python.org/2/>_. It can be customized via these options:

rightsidebar (true or false): Put the sidebar on the right side. Defaults to False.
stickysidebar (true or false): Make the sidebar "fixed" so that it doesn't scroll out of view for long body content. This may not work well with all browsers. Defaults to False.
collapsiblesidebar (true or false): Add an experimental JavaScript snippet that makes the sidebar collapsible via a button on its side. Defaults to False.
externalrefs (true or false): Display external links differently from internal links. Defaults to False.

There are also various color and font options that can change the color scheme without having to write a custom stylesheet:

footerbgcolor (CSS color): Background color for the footer line.
footertextcolor (CSS color): Text color for the footer line.
sidebarbgcolor (CSS color): Background color for the sidebar.
sidebarbtncolor (CSS color): Background color for the sidebar collapse button (used when collapsiblesidebar is True).
sidebartextcolor (CSS color): Text color for the sidebar.
sidebarlinkcolor (CSS color): Link color for the sidebar.
relbarbgcolor (CSS color): Background color for the relation bar.
relbartextcolor (CSS color): Text color for the relation bar.
relbarlinkcolor (CSS color): Link color for the relation bar.
bgcolor (CSS color): Body background color.
textcolor (CSS color): Body text color.
linkcolor (CSS color): Body link color.
visitedlinkcolor (CSS color): Body color for visited links.
headbgcolor (CSS color): Background color for headings.
headtextcolor (CSS color): Text color for headings.
headlinkcolor (CSS color): Link color for headings.
codebgcolor (CSS color): Background color for code blocks.
codetextcolor (CSS color): Default text color for code blocks, if not set differently by the highlighting style.
bodyfont (CSS font-family): Font for normal text.
headfont (CSS font-family): Font for headings.

sphinxdoc The theme originally used by this documentation. It features a sidebar on the right side. There are currently no options beyond nosidebar and sidebarwidth.

.. note::

The Sphinx documentation now uses
`an adjusted version of the sphinxdoc theme
<https://github.com/sphinx-doc/sphinx/tree/master/doc/_themes/sphinx13>`_.

scrolls A more lightweight theme, based on the Jinja documentation <https://jinja.palletsprojects.com/>_. The following color options are available:

headerbordercolor
subheadlinecolor
linkcolor
visitedlinkcolor
admonitioncolor

agogo A theme created by Andi Albrecht. The following options are supported:

bodyfont (CSS font family): Font for normal text.
headerfont (CSS font family): Font for headings.
pagewidth (CSS length): Width of the page content, default 70em.
documentwidth (CSS length): Width of the document (without sidebar), default 50em.
sidebarwidth (CSS length): Width of the sidebar, default 20em.
rightsidebar (true or false): Put the sidebar on the right side. Defaults to True.
bgcolor (CSS color): Background color.
headerbg (CSS value for "background"): background for the header area, default a grayish gradient.
footerbg (CSS value for "background"): background for the footer area, default a light gray gradient.
linkcolor (CSS color): Body link color.
headercolor1, headercolor2 (CSS color): colors for <h1> and <h2> headings.
headerlinkcolor (CSS color): Color for the backreference link in headings.
textalign (CSS text-align value): Text alignment for the body, default is justify.

nature A greenish theme. There are currently no options beyond nosidebar and sidebarwidth.

pyramid A theme from the Pyramid web framework project, designed by Blaise Laflamme. There are currently no options beyond nosidebar and sidebarwidth.

haiku A theme without sidebar inspired by the Haiku OS user guide <https://www.haiku-os.org/docs/userguide/en/contents.html>_. The following options are supported:

full_logo (true or false, default False): If this is true, the header will only show the :confval:html_logo. Use this for large logos. If this is false, the logo (if present) will be shown floating right, and the documentation title will be put in the header.
textcolor, headingcolor, linkcolor, visitedlinkcolor, hoverlinkcolor (CSS colors): Colors for various body elements.

traditional A theme resembling the old Python documentation. There are currently no options beyond nosidebar and sidebarwidth.

epub A theme for the epub builder. This theme tries to save visual space which is a sparse resource on ebook readers. The following options are supported:

relbar1 (true or false, default True): If this is true, the relbar1 block is inserted in the epub output, otherwise it is omitted.
footer (true or false, default True): If this is true, the footer block is inserted in the epub output, otherwise it is omitted.

bizstyle A simple bluish theme. The following options are supported beyond nosidebar and sidebarwidth:

rightsidebar (true or false): Put the sidebar on the right side. Defaults to False.

.. versionadded:: 1.3 'alabaster', 'sphinx_rtd_theme' and 'bizstyle' theme.

.. versionchanged:: 1.3 The 'default' theme has been renamed to 'classic'. 'default' is still available, however it will emit a notice that it is an alias for the new 'alabaster' theme.

.. _third-party-themes:

Third Party Themes


There are many third-party themes created for Sphinx. Some of these are for
general use, while others are specific to an individual project.

sphinx-themes.org__ is a gallery that showcases various themes for Sphinx,
with demo documentation rendered under each theme. Themes can also be found
on PyPI__ (using the classifier ``Framework :: Sphinx :: Theme``), GitHub__
and GitLab__.

.. __: https://sphinx-themes.org/
.. __: https://pypi.org/search/?q=&o=&c=Framework+%3A%3A+Sphinx+%3A%3A+Theme
.. __: https://github.com/search?utf8=%E2%9C%93&q=sphinx+theme
.. __: https://gitlab.com/explore?name=sphinx+theme