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Compound matchers

doc/topics/targeting/compound.rst

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.. _targeting-compound:

================= Compound matchers

Compound matchers allow very granular minion targeting using any of Salt's matchers. The default matcher is a :mod:glob <python2:fnmatch> match, just as with CLI and :term:top file <Top File> matching. To match using anything other than a glob, prefix the match string with the appropriate letter from the table below, followed by an @ sign.

====== ==================== ============================================================== ============================================= Letter Match Type Example :ref:Alt Delimiter? <target-alt-delimiters> ====== ==================== ============================================================== ============================================= G Grains glob G@os:Ubuntu Yes E PCRE Minion ID E@web\d+\.(dev|qa|prod)\.loc No P Grains PCRE P@os:(RedHat|Fedora|CentOS) Yes L List of minions [email protected],minion3.domain.com or bl*.domain.com No I Pillar glob I@pdata:foobar Yes J Pillar PCRE J@pdata:^(foo|bar)$ Yes S Subnet/IP address [email protected]/24 or [email protected] No R Range cluster R@%foo.bar No N Nodegroups N@group1 No ====== ==================== ============================================================== =============================================

Matchers can be joined using boolean and, or, and not operators.

For example, the following string matches all Debian minions with a hostname that begins with webserv, as well as any minions that have a hostname which matches the :mod:regular expression <python2:re> web-dc1-srv.*:

.. code-block:: bash

salt -C 'webserv* and G@os:Debian or E@web-dc1-srv.*' test.version

That same example expressed in a :term:top file <Top File> looks like the following:

.. code-block:: yaml

base:
  'webserv* and G@os:Debian or E@web-dc1-srv.*':
    - match: compound
    - webserver

.. versionadded:: 2015.8.0

Excluding a minion based on its ID is also possible:

.. code-block:: bash

salt -C 'not web-dc1-srv' test.version

Versions prior to 2015.8.0 a leading not was not supported in compound matches. Instead, something like the following was required:

.. code-block:: bash

salt -C '* and not G@kernel:Darwin' test.version

Excluding a minion based on its ID was also possible:

.. code-block:: bash

salt -C '* and not web-dc1-srv' test.version

Precedence Matching

Matchers can be grouped together with parentheses to explicitly declare precedence amongst groups.

.. code-block:: bash

salt -C '( ms-1 or G@id:ms-3 ) and G@id:ms-3' test.version

.. note::

Be certain to note that spaces are required between the parentheses and targets. Failing to obey this
rule may result in incorrect targeting!

.. _target-alt-delimiters:

Alternate Delimiters

.. versionadded:: 2015.8.0

Matchers that target based on a key value pair use a colon (:) as a delimiter. Matchers with a Yes in the Alt Delimiters column in the previous table support specifying an alternate delimiter character.

This is done by specifying an alternate delimiter character between the leading matcher character and the @ pattern separator character. This avoids incorrect interpretation of the pattern in the case that : is part of the grain or pillar data structure traversal.

.. code-block:: bash

salt -C 'J|@foo|bar|^foo:bar$ or J!@gitrepo!https://github.com:example/project.git' test.ping