Introduction

npm install three @types/three @react-three/fiber

[!WARNING]
Three-fiber is a React renderer, it must pair with a major version of React, just like react-dom, react-native, etc. @react-three/fiber@8 pairs with react@18, @react-three/fiber@9 pairs with react@19.

Does it have limitations?

None. Everything that works in Threejs will work here without exception.

Is it slower than plain Threejs?

No. There is no overhead. Components render outside of React. It outperforms Threejs in scale due to React's scheduling abilities.

Can it keep up with frequent feature updates to Threejs?

Yes. It merely expresses Threejs in JSX, <mesh /> dynamically turns into new THREE.Mesh(). If a new Threejs version adds, removes or changes features, it will be available to you instantly without depending on updates to this library.

What does it look like?

Let's make a re-usable component that has its own state, reacts to user-input and participates in the render-loop:

<Sandpack customSetup={{ dependencies: { 'react': 'latest', 'react-dom': 'latest', 'three': 'latest', '@react-three/fiber': 'latest' }, entry: '/index.jsx', }} folder="basic-example-sandpack" />

npm install @types/three

<Sandpack customSetup={{ dependencies: { 'react': 'latest', 'react-dom': 'latest', 'three': 'latest', '@types/three': 'latest', '@react-three/fiber': 'latest' }, entry: '/index.tsx', main: '/index.tsx', }} files={{ '/styles.css': html,body,#root {height:100%;margin:unset;}, '/index.tsx': `import * as THREE from 'three' import { createRoot } from 'react-dom/client' import React, { useRef, useState } from 'react' import { Canvas, useFrame, ThreeElements } from '@react-three/fiber' import './styles.css'

function Box(props: ThreeElements['mesh']) { const meshRef = useRef<THREE.Mesh>(null!) const [hovered, setHover] = useState(false) const [active, setActive] = useState(false) useFrame((state, delta) => (meshRef.current.rotation.x += delta)) return ( <mesh {...props} ref={meshRef} scale={active ? 1.5 : 1} onClick={(event) => setActive(!active)} onPointerOver={(event) => setHover(true)} onPointerOut={(event) => setHover(false)}> <boxGeometry args={[1, 1, 1]} /> <meshStandardMaterial color={hovered ? 'hotpink' : '#2f74c0'} /> </mesh> ) }

createRoot(document.getElementById('root')).render( <Canvas> <ambientLight intensity={Math.PI / 2} /> <spotLight position={[10, 10, 10]} angle={0.15} penumbra={1} decay={0} intensity={Math.PI} /> <pointLight position={[-10, -10, -10]} decay={0} intensity={Math.PI} /> <Box position={[-1.2, 0, 0]} /> <Box position={[1.2, 0, 0]} /> </Canvas>, )`, }} />

For installation instructions see react native installation instructions.

import React, { useRef, useState } from 'react'
import { Canvas, useFrame } from '@react-three/fiber/native'

function Box(props) {
  const meshRef = useRef(null)
  const [hovered, setHover] = useState(false)
  const [active, setActive] = useState(false)
  useFrame((state, delta) => (meshRef.current.rotation.x += delta))
  return (
    <mesh
      {...props}
      ref={meshRef}
      scale={active ? 1.5 : 1}
      onClick={(event) => setActive(!active)}
      onPointerOver={(event) => setHover(true)}
      onPointerOut={(event) => setHover(false)}>
      <boxGeometry args={[1, 1, 1]} />
      <meshStandardMaterial color={hovered ? 'hotpink' : 'orange'} />
    </mesh>
  )
}

export default function App() {
  return (
    <Canvas>
      <ambientLight intensity={Math.PI / 2} />
      <spotLight position={[10, 10, 10]} angle={0.15} penumbra={1} decay={0} intensity={Math.PI} />
      <pointLight position={[-10, -10, -10]} decay={0} intensity={Math.PI} />
      <Box position={[-1.2, 0, 0]} />
      <Box position={[1.2, 0, 0]} />
    </Canvas>
  )
}

First steps

You need to be versed in both React and Threejs before rushing into this. If you are unsure about React consult the official React docs, especially the section about hooks. As for Threejs, make sure you at least glance over the following links:

1. Make sure you have a basic grasp of Threejs. Keep that site open.
2. When you know what a scene is, a camera, mesh, geometry, material, fork the demo above.
3. Look up the JSX elements that you see (mesh, ambientLight, etc), all threejs exports are native to three-fiber.
4. Try changing some values, scroll through our API to see what the various settings and hooks do.

Some helpful material:

• Threejs-docs and examples
• Discover Threejs, especially the Tips and Tricks chapter for best practices
• Bruno Simons Threejs Journey, arguably the best learning resource, now includes a full R3F chapter

Ecosystem

There is a vibrant and extensive ecosystem around three-fiber, full of libraries, helpers and abstractions.

• @react-three/drei – useful helpers, this is an ecosystem in itself
• @react-three/gltfjsx – turns GLTFs into JSX components
• @react-three/postprocessing – post-processing effects
• @react-three/test-renderer – for unit tests in node
• @react-three/flex – flexbox for react-three-fiber
• @react-three/xr – VR/AR controllers and events
• @react-three/csg – constructive solid geometry
• @react-three/rapier – 3D physics using Rapier
• @react-three/cannon – 3D physics using Cannon
• @react-three/p2 – 2D physics using P2
• @react-three/a11y – real a11y for your scene
• @react-three/gpu-pathtracer – realistic path tracing
• create-r3f-app next – nextjs starter
• lamina – layer based shader materials
• zustand – flux based state management
• jotai – atoms based state management
• valtio – proxy based state management
• react-spring – a spring-physics-based animation library
• framer-motion-3d – framer motion, a popular animation library
• use-gesture – mouse/touch gestures
• leva – create GUI controls in seconds
• maath – a kitchen sink for math helpers
• miniplex – ECS (entity management system)
• composer-suite – composing shaders, particles, effects and game mechanics

How to contribute

If you like this project, please consider helping out. All contributions are welcome as well as donations to Opencollective, or in crypto BTC: 36fuguTPxGCNnYZSRdgdh6Ea94brCAjMbH, ETH: 0x6E3f79Ea1d0dcedeb33D3fC6c34d2B1f156F2682.

Backers

Thank you to all our backers! 🙏

Contributors

This project exists thanks to all the people who contribute.