================= Logical Operators

Logical Operators

======== ============================ ======= Operator Description Example ======== ============================ ======= AND True if both values are true a AND b OR True if either value is true a OR b NOT True if the value is false NOT a ======== ============================ =======

Effect of NULL on Logical Operators

The result of an AND comparison may be NULL if one or both sides of the expression are NULL. If at least one side of an AND operator is FALSE the expression evaluates to FALSE::

SELECT CAST(null AS boolean) AND true; -- null

SELECT CAST(null AS boolean) AND false; -- false

SELECT CAST(null AS boolean) AND CAST(null AS boolean); -- null

The result of an OR comparison may be NULL if one or both sides of the expression are NULL. If at least one side of an OR operator is TRUE the expression evaluates to TRUE::

SELECT CAST(null AS boolean) OR CAST(null AS boolean); -- null

SELECT CAST(null AS boolean) OR false; -- null

SELECT CAST(null AS boolean) OR true; -- true

The following truth table demonstrates the handling of NULL in AND and OR:

========= ========= ========= ========= a b a AND b a OR b ========= ========= ========= ========= TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE FALSE FALSE TRUE TRUE NULL NULL TRUE FALSE TRUE FALSE TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE NULL FALSE NULL NULL TRUE NULL TRUE NULL FALSE FALSE NULL NULL NULL NULL NULL ========= ========= ========= =========

The logical complement of NULL is NULL as shown in the following example::

SELECT NOT CAST(null AS boolean); -- null

The following truth table demonstrates the handling of NULL in NOT:

========= ========= a NOT a ========= ========= TRUE FALSE FALSE TRUE NULL NULL ========= =========