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UI tests framework

doc/devdocs/development/ui-tests.md

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UI tests framework

A specialized UI test framework for PowerToys that makes it easy to write UI tests for PowerToys modules or settings. Let's start writing UI tests!

Before running tests

Running tests

  • Exit PowerToys if it's running.

  • Open PowerToys.slnx in Visual Studio and build the solution.

  • Run tests in the Test Explorer (Test > Test Explorer or Ctrl+E, T).

Running tests in pipeline

The PowerToys UI test pipeline provides flexible options for building and testing:

Pipeline Options

  • buildSource: Select the build type for testing:

    • latestMainOfficialBuild: Downloads and uses the latest official PowerToys build from main branch
    • buildNow: Builds PowerToys from current source code and uses it for testing
    • specificBuildId: Downloads a specific PowerToys build using the build ID specified in specificBuildId parameter

    Default value: latestMainOfficialBuild

  • specificBuildId: When buildSource is set to specificBuildId, specify the exact PowerToys build ID to download and test against.

    Default value: "xxxx" (placeholder, enter actual build ID when using specificBuildId option)

    When to use this:

    • Testing against a specific known build for reproducibility
    • Regression testing against a particular build version
    • Validating fixes in a specific build before release

    Usage: Enter the build ID number (e.g., 12345) to download that specific build. Only used when buildSource is set to specificBuildId.

  • uiTestModules: Specify which UI test modules to build and run. This parameter controls both the .csproj projects to build and the .dll test assemblies to execute. Examples:

    • ['UITests-FancyZones'] - Only FancyZones UI tests
    • ['MouseUtils.UITests'] - Only MouseUtils UI tests
    • ['UITests-FancyZones', 'MouseUtils.UITests'] - Multiple specific modules
    • Leave empty to build and run all UI test modules

    Important: The uiTestModules parameter values must match both the test project names (for .csproj selection during build) and the test assembly names (for .dll execution during testing).

Build Modes

  1. Official Build Testing (buildSource = latestMainOfficialBuild or specificBuildId)

    • Downloads and installs official PowerToys build (latest from main or specific build ID)
    • Builds only UI test projects (all or specific based on uiTestModules)
    • Runs UI tests against installed PowerToys
    • Tests both machine-level and per-user installation modes automatically

  2. Current Source Build Testing (buildSource = buildNow)

    • Builds entire PowerToys solution from current source code
    • Builds UI test projects (all or specific based on uiTestModules)
    • Runs UI tests against freshly built PowerToys
    • Uses artifacts from current pipeline build

Note: All modes support the uiTestModules parameter to control which specific UI test modules to build and run. Both machine-level and per-user installation modes are tested automatically when using official builds.

Pipeline Access

How to add the first UI tests for your modules

  • Follow the naming convention:

  • Create a new project and add the following references to the project file. Change the OutputPath to your own module's path.

      <Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
  <!-- Look at Directory.Build.props in root for common stuff as well -->
  <Import Project="..\..\..\Common.Dotnet.CsWinRT.props" />

  <PropertyGroup>
      <ProjectGuid>{4E0AE3A4-2EE0-44D7-A2D0-8769977254A0}</ProjectGuid>
      <RootNamespace>PowerToys.Hosts.UITests</RootNamespace>
      <AssemblyName>PowerToys.Hosts.UITests</AssemblyName>
      <IsPackable>false</IsPackable>
      <IsTestProject>true</IsTestProject>
      <Nullable>enable</Nullable>
      <OutputType>Library</OutputType>

      <!-- This is a UI test, so don't run as part of MSBuild -->
      <RunVSTest>false</RunVSTest>
      </PropertyGroup>
      <PropertyGroup>
      <OutputPath>$(SolutionDir)$(Platform)\$(Configuration)\tests\Hosts.UITests\</OutputPath>
      </PropertyGroup>

      <ItemGroup>
      <PackageReference Include="MSTest" />
      <ProjectReference Include="..\..\..\common\UITestAutomation\UITestAutomation.csproj" />
      </ItemGroup>
  </Project>

  • Inherit your test class from UITestBase.

    Set Scope: The default scope starts from the PowerToys settings UI. If you want to start from your own module, set the constructor as shown below:

    Specify Scope:

      [TestClass]
  public class HostModuleTests : UITestBase
  {
      public HostModuleTests()
          : base(PowerToysModule.Hosts, WindowSize.Small_Vertical)
      {
      }
  }

  • Then you can start performing the UI operations.

Example

[TestMethod("Hosts.Basic.EmptyViewShouldWork")]
[TestCategory("Hosts File Editor #4")]
public void TestEmptyView()
{
    this.CloseWarningDialog();
    this.RemoveAllEntries();

    // 'Add an entry' button (only show-up when list is empty) should be visible
    Assert.IsTrue(this.HasOne<HyperlinkButton>("Add an entry"), "'Add an entry' button should be visible in the empty view");

    VisualAssert.AreEqual(this.TestContext, this.Find("Entries"), "EmptyView");

    // Click 'Add an entry' from empty-view for adding Host override rule
    this.Find<HyperlinkButton>("Add an entry").Click();

    this.AddEntry("192.168.0.1", "localhost", false, false);

    // Should have one row now and not more empty view
    Assert.IsTrue(this.Has<Button>("Delete"), "Should have one row now");
    Assert.IsFalse(this.Has<HyperlinkButton>("Add an entry"), "'Add an entry' button should be invisible if not empty view");

    VisualAssert.AreEqual(this.TestContext, this.Find("Entries"), "NonEmptyView");
}

Extra tools and information

Accessibility Tools: While working on tests, you may need a tool that helps you to view the element's accessibility data, e.g. for finding the button to click. For this purpose, you could use AccessibilityInsights.