LangGraph Checkpoint Postgres

Implementation of LangGraph CheckpointSaver that uses Postgres.

Dependencies

By default langgraph-checkpoint-postgres installs psycopg (Psycopg 3) without any extras. However, you can choose a specific installation that best suits your needs here (for example, psycopg[binary]).

Security

[!IMPORTANT] Set LANGGRAPH_STRICT_MSGPACK=true or pass an explicit allowed_msgpack_modules list when creating your checkpointer. This restricts checkpoint deserialization to known-safe types, preventing code execution if the database is compromised. See the langgraph-checkpoint README for details.

Usage

[!IMPORTANT] When using Postgres checkpointers for the first time, make sure to call .setup() method on them to create required tables. See example below.

[!IMPORTANT] When manually creating Postgres connections and passing them to PostgresSaver or AsyncPostgresSaver, make sure to include autocommit=True and row_factory=dict_row (from psycopg.rows import dict_row). See a full example in this how-to guide.

Why these parameters are required:

autocommit=True: Required for the .setup() method to properly commit the checkpoint tables to the database. Without this, table creation may not be persisted.

row_factory=dict_row: Required because the PostgresSaver implementation accesses database rows using dictionary-style syntax (e.g., row["column_name"]). The default tuple_row factory returns tuples that only support index-based access (e.g., row[0]), which will cause TypeError exceptions when the checkpointer tries to access columns by name.

Example of incorrect usage:
python
# ❌ This will fail with TypeError during checkpointer operations
with psycopg.connect(DB_URI) as conn:  # Missing autocommit=True and row_factory=dict_row
    checkpointer = PostgresSaver(conn)
    checkpointer.setup()  # May not persist tables properly
    # Any operation that reads from database will fail with:
    # TypeError: tuple indices must be integers or slices, not str

python

from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres import PostgresSaver

write_config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "1", "checkpoint_ns": ""}}
read_config = {"configurable": {"thread_id": "1"}}

DB_URI = "postgres://postgres:postgres@localhost:5432/postgres?sslmode=disable"
with PostgresSaver.from_conn_string(DB_URI) as checkpointer:
    # call .setup() the first time you're using the checkpointer
    checkpointer.setup()
    checkpoint = {
        "v": 4,
        "ts": "2024-07-31T20:14:19.804150+00:00",
        "id": "1ef4f797-8335-6428-8001-8a1503f9b875",
        "channel_values": {
            "my_key": "meow",
            "node": "node"
        },
        "channel_versions": {
            "__start__": 2,
            "my_key": 3,
            "start:node": 3,
            "node": 3
        },
        "versions_seen": {
            "__input__": {},
            "__start__": {
            "__start__": 1
            },
            "node": {
            "start:node": 2
            }
        },
    }

    # store checkpoint
    checkpointer.put(write_config, checkpoint, {}, {})

    # load checkpoint
    checkpointer.get(read_config)

    # list checkpoints
    list(checkpointer.list(read_config))

Async

python

from langgraph.checkpoint.postgres.aio import AsyncPostgresSaver

async with AsyncPostgresSaver.from_conn_string(DB_URI) as checkpointer:
    checkpoint = {
        "v": 4,
        "ts": "2024-07-31T20:14:19.804150+00:00",
        "id": "1ef4f797-8335-6428-8001-8a1503f9b875",
        "channel_values": {
            "my_key": "meow",
            "node": "node"
        },
        "channel_versions": {
            "__start__": 2,
            "my_key": 3,
            "start:node": 3,
            "node": 3
        },
        "versions_seen": {
            "__input__": {},
            "__start__": {
            "__start__": 1
            },
            "node": {
            "start:node": 2
            }
        },
    }

    # store checkpoint
    await checkpointer.aput(write_config, checkpoint, {}, {})

    # load checkpoint
    await checkpointer.aget(read_config)

    # list checkpoints
    [c async for c in checkpointer.alist(read_config)]