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ǿͨ API Щ⣬ʲô API ء

API

API һڿͻ˺΢֮ķǿ API дһЩҵܵ߼Ȩ֤ء桢·ɵȡ

API ؾ΢ϵͳһϵͳΨһڡͻ˻Ƚ͵ API أȻ API ظıʶϢת΢ʵ

ͼ1ַʷʽԱ

ڷڶࡢӶȽϸߡģȽϴϵͳ˵ʹ API ؾºô

ͻͨ API ΢񽻻ʱͻֻҪ֪ API صַɣҪάķַ˿ͻ˵Ŀ
ͻֱ API ͨţܹٿͻĽ
ͻ˵ķ϶Ƚ͡
ʡܣû顣
API ػṩ˰ȫءˡ桢ƷԼص API ܡ

API ʵַҪ 5 ֣

Spring Cloud Gateway
Spring Cloud Netflix Zuul
Kong
Nginx+Lua
Traefik

ڣǾͶ Spring Cloud Gateway ϸܡ

Spring Cloud Gateway```

Spring Cloud Gateway Spring Cloud Ŷӻ Spring 5.0Spring Boot 2.0 Project Reactor ȼĸ API

Spring Cloud Gateway ּṩһּ򵥶Ч; APIΪṩйע㣬磺ȫԣ/ָ͵ԡ```

Spring Cloud Gateway ǻ WebFlux ʵֵģ WebFlux ܵײʹ˸ܵ Reactor ģʽͨſ Netty

Spring Cloud Gateway ĸ

Spring Cloud GateWay ҪĹܾ·תڶתʱҪ漰ĸ±

ĸ
Route·ɣ	ģ顣һ IDһĿ URIһԣPredicateһFilterɡ
Predicateԣ	·תжǿͨ Predicate ```HTTP ƥ䣬ʽ·ͷȣƥɹתӦķ
Filter	ǿʹغ޸ģʹĵӦٴ

ע⣺ Route Predicate ͬʱ

Spring Cloud Gateway

Spring Cloud Gateway ԣ

Spring Framework 5Project Reactor Spring Boot 2.0
ܹƥ·ɡ
predicatesԣ filtersض·ɵġ
Hystrix ۶
Spring Cloud DiscoveryClientֿͻˣ
ڱдԺ͹
ܹƵʡ
ܹд·

Gateway Ĺ

Spring Cloud Gateway ͼ

ͼ2Spring Cloud Gateway

Spring Cloud Gateway ˵£

ͻ˽͵```Spring Cloud Gateway ϡ
Spring Cloud Gateway ͨ```Gateway Handler Mapping ҵƥ·ɣ䷢͸ Gateway Web Handler
Gateway Web Handler```ָͨĹFilter ChainתʵʵķڵУִҵ߼Ӧ
֮߷ֿΪܻת֮ǰpre֮postִҵ߼
Filterתǰغ޸ģУ顢ȨУ顢ء־ԼЭתȡ
Ӧؿͻ֮ǰӦغٴ޸ӦݻӦͷ־صȡ
Ӧԭ·ظͻˡ

֮ܶͻ˷͵ Spring Cloud Gateway Ҫͨһƥܶλķڵ㡣ڽתдĹǰpre postǻԶӦһЩϸơ

Predicate ·ɵƥ Filter ǶӦоϸƵĹߡԪأټĿ URIͿʵһ·ˡ

Predicate

Spring Cloud Gateway ͨ```Predicate ʵ Route ·ɵƥ򡣼򵥵˵Predicate ·תжֻ Predicate ŻᱻתָķϽд

ʹ Predicate Ҫע 3 㣺

Route · Predicate ԵĶӦϵΪһԶࡱһ·ɿ԰ͬԡ
һҪתָ·ϣͱͬʱƥ·ϵжԡ
һͬʱ·ɵĶʱֻᱻ׸ɹƥ·ת

ͼ3Predicate ƥ

Predicate ±ת URI Ϊ http://localhost:8001

	ʾ	˵
Path	- Path=/dept/list/**```	· /dept/list/** ƥʱܱת```http://localhost:8001 ϡ
Before	- Before=2021-10-20T11:47:34.255+08:00[Asia/Shanghai]	`2021 10 20 11 ʱ 47 34.255 ֮ǰ󣬲Żᱻת`http://localhost:8001 ϡ
After	- After=2021-10-20T11:47:34.255+08:00[Asia/Shanghai]	2021 10 20 11 ʱ 47 34.255 ֮󣬲Żᱻת```http://localhost:8001 ϡ
Between	- Between=2021-10-20T15:18:33.226+08:00[Asia/Shanghai],2021-10-20T15:23:33.226+08:00[Asia/Shanghai]	2021 10 20 15 ʱ 18 33.226 2021 10 20 15 ʱ 23 33.226 ֮󣬲Żᱻת```http://localhost:8001 ϡ
Cookie	- Cookie=name,c.biancheng.net	Я`Cookie Cookie Ϊ`name=c.biancheng.net 󣬲Żᱻת http://localhost:8001 ϡ
Header	- Header=X-Request-Id,\d+	ͷЯ X-Request-Id ֵΪ󣬲Żᱻת http://localhost:8001 ϡ
Method	- Method=GET	ֻ GET Żᱻת http://localhost:8001 ϡ

ʾ

Ǿͨһʵʾ Predicate ʹõġ

1. ڸspring-cloud-demo2 ´һΪmicro-service-cloud-gateway-9527 Spring Boot ģ飬 pom.xml ¡

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-demo2</artifactId>
        <groupId>net.biancheng.c</groupId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>

    <groupId>net.biancheng.c</groupId>
    <artifactId>micro-service-cloud-gateway-9527</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>micro-service-cloud-gateway-9527</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!--رע⣺ gateway طв spring-boot-starter-web ᱨ-->
        <!-- Spring cloud gateway -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--Eureka ͻ-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

2. ```micro-service-cloud-gateway-9527 ·/resources Ŀ¼£½һļ application.yml¡

server:
  port: 9527  #˿ں
spring:
  application:
    name: microServiceCloudGateway
  cloud:
    gateway: #·
      routes:
        # micro-service-cloud-provider-dept-8001 ṩķ¶ͻˣֻͻ˱¶ API صĵַ 9527
        - id: provider_dept_list_routh   #· id,ûй̶򣬵ΨһӦ
          uri: http://localhost:8001          #ƥṩ·ɵַ
          predicates:
            #Ƕѡȫ
            - Path=/dept/list/**               #ԣ·ƥ ע⣺Path  P Ϊд
            - Method=GET #ֻʱ GET ʱܷ

eureka:
  instance:
    instance-id: micro-service-cloud-gateway-9527
    hostname: micro-service-cloud-gateway
  client:
    fetch-registry: true
    register-with-eureka: true
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka/,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka/

У spring.cloud.gateway.routes ʹ predicates ԣ

- Path=/dept/list/**            
- Method=GET

ֻеⲿͻˣ͵ micro-service-cloud-gateway-9527 HTTP ͬʱеĶʱŻᱻתָķУ http://localhost:80013\. ```micro-service-cloud-gateway-9527 ϣʹ @EnableEurekaClient ע⿪ Eureka ͻ˹ܣ¡

package net.biancheng.c;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class MicroServiceCloudGateway9527Application {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(MicroServiceCloudGateway9527Application.class, args);
    }
}

4. Eureka עģȺmicro-service-cloud-provider-dept-8001 Լ```micro-service-cloud-gateway-9527ʹʡhttp://localhost:9527/dept/listͼ

ͼ4Spring Cloud Gateway ·ת

Spring Cloud Gateway ̬·

Ĭ£Spring Cloud Gateway ݷעģ Eureka ServerάķбԷspring.application.nameΪ·̬·ɽתӶʵֶ̬·ɹܡ

ǿļУ Route uri ַ޸Ϊʽ

lb://service-name

˵£

lburi Э飬ʾ Spring Cloud Gateway ĸؾ⹦ܡ
service-nameSpring Cloud Gateway ȡ΢ַ

ʾ

Ǿͨһʵչʾ Spring Cloud Gateway ʵֶ̬·ɵġ

1. ޸```micro-service-cloud-gateway-9527 application.yml ãʹעе΢̬·ɽת¡

server:
  port: 9527 #˿ں
 
spring:
  application:
    name: microServiceCloudGateway  #עעķ
   
  cloud:
    gateway: #·
      discovery:
        locator:
          enabled: true #ĬֵΪ trueĬϿעĶ̬·ɵĹܣ΢·

      routes:
        # micro-service-cloud-provider-dept-8001 ṩķ¶ͻˣֻͻ˱¶ API صĵַ 9527
        - id: provider_dept_list_routh   #· id,ûй̶򣬵ΨһӦ
          uri: lb://MICROSERVICECLOUDPROVIDERDEPT #̬·ɣʹ÷ľ˿   http://eureka7001.com:9527/dept/list

          predicates:
            #Ƕѡȫ
            - Path=/dept/list/**    #ԣ·ƥ ע⣺Path  P Ϊд
            - Method=GET #ֻʱ GET ʱܷ

eureka:
  instance:
    instance-id: micro-service-cloud-gateway-9527
    hostname: micro-service-cloud-gateway
  client:
    fetch-registry: true
    register-with-eureka: true
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka/,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka/

2. Eureka עģȺṩ߼Ⱥmicro-service-cloud-provider-dept-8001/8002/8003Լ```micro-service-cloud-gateway-9527

3. зʡhttp://localhost:9527/dept/listͼ

ͼ5Spring Cloud ʵֶ̬·

Filter

ͨ£ڰȫĿǣṩķһУ߼û½״̬У顢ǩУȡ

΢ܹУϵͳɶ΢ɣЩҪЩУ߼ʱǾͿԽЩУ߼д Spring Cloud Gateway Filter С

Filter ķ

Spring Cloud Gateway ṩ͵ĹԶӦоϸơ

	˵
Pre	ֹת΢֮ǰԶغ޸ģУ顢ȨУ顢ء־ԼЭתȲ
Post	ֹ΢ӦԶӦغٴ޸ӦݻӦͷ־صȡ

÷Χ֣Spring Cloud gateway Filter ԷΪ 2 ࣺ

GatewayFilterӦڵ·ɻһ·ϵĹ
GlobalFilterӦе·ϵĹ

GatewayFilter ع

GatewayFilter Spring Cloud Gateway ṩһӦڵһ·ϵĹԶԵ·ɻһ·ϴʹӦأʵһЩҵ޹صĹܣ½״̬У顢ǩУ顢ȨУ顢־صȡ

GatewayFilter ļ application.ymlед Predicate ƣʽ¡


spring:
  cloud:
    gateway: 
      routes:
        - id: xxxx
          uri: xxxx
          predicates:
            - Path=xxxx
          filters:
            - AddRequestParameter=X-Request-Id,1024 #ƥͷһͷΪ X-Request-Id ֵΪ 1024
            - PrefixPath=/dept #·ǰ /dept

Spring Cloud Gateway ˶ 31 GatewayFilter±о˼ֳõعʹʾ

·ɹ			ʹʾ
AddRequestHeader	```ش󣬲һָͷ	nameҪӵͷ keyvalueҪӵͷ value	- AddRequestHeader=my-request-header,1024
AddRequestParameter	ش󣬲һָ	nameҪӵ keyvalueҪӵ value	- AddRequestParameter=my-request-param,c.biancheng.net
AddResponseHeader	ӦӦһָӦͷ	nameҪӵӦͷ keyvalueҪӵӦͷ value	- AddResponseHeader=my-response-header,c.biancheng.net
PrefixPath	ش󣬲·һָǰ׺	```prefixҪӵ·ǰ׺	- PrefixPath=/consumer
PreserveHostHeader	תʱֿͻ˵ Host Ϣ䣬Ȼݵṩ΢С		- PreserveHostHeader
RemoveRequestHeader	ƳͷָĲ	nameҪƳͷ key	- RemoveRequestHeader=my-request-header
RemoveResponseHeader	ƳӦͷָĲ	nameҪƳӦͷ	- RemoveResponseHeader=my-response-header
RemoveRequestParameter	Ƴָ	nameҪƳ	- RemoveRequestParameter=my-request-param
RequestSize	ĴСʱ᷵ 413 Payload Too Large	maxSizeĴС	- name: RequestSize`````````args:```````````````maxSize: 5000000

ʾ

ͨһʵʾ GatewayFilter ã¡

1. ```micro-service-cloud-gateway-9527 application.yml һ̬·ɣ¡

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway: 
      routes:
        - id: xxxx
          uri: xxxx
          predicates:
            - Path=xxxx
          filters:
            - AddRequestParameter=X-Request-Id,1024 #ƥͷһͷΪ X-Request-Id ֵΪ 1024
            - PrefixPath=/dept #·ǰ /dept

2. ```micro-service-cloud-gateway-9527ʹʡhttp://eureka7001.com:9527/get/1ͼ

ͼ6·ɹʾ

GlobalFilter ȫֹ

GlobalFilter һе·ϵȫֹͨǿʵһЩͳһҵܣȨ֤IP Ƶȡĳ·ƥʱôе GlobalFilter ͸·õ GatewayFilter ϳһ

Spring Cloud Gateway Ϊṩ˶Ĭϵ GlobalFilterת·ɡؾصȫֹʵʵĿУͨǶԶһЩԼ GlobalFilter ȫֹҵ󣬶ֱʹ Spring Cloud``` Config ṩЩĬϵ GlobalFilter

Ĭϵȫֹϸݣο```Spring Cloud

Ǿͨһʵʾ£Զ GlobalFilter ȫֹ

1. net.biancheng.c.filter £½һΪMyGlobalFilter ȫֹ࣬¡

server:
  port: 9527 #˿ں
 
spring:
  application:
    name: microServiceCloudGateway  #עעķ
   
  cloud:
    gateway: #·
      discovery:
        locator:
          enabled: true #ĬֵΪ trueĬϿעĶ̬·ɵĹܣ΢·

      routes:
        # micro-service-cloud-provider-dept-8001 ṩķ¶ͻˣֻͻ˱¶ API صĵַ 9527
        - id: provider_dept_list_routh   #· id,ûй̶򣬵ΨһӦ
          uri: lb://MICROSERVICECLOUDPROVIDERDEPT #̬·ɣʹ÷ľ˿   http://eureka7001.com:9527/dept/list

          predicates:
            #Ƕѡȫ
            - Path=/dept/list/**    #ԣ·ƥ ע⣺Path  P Ϊд
            - Method=GET #ֻʱ GET ʱܷ

eureka:
  instance:
    instance-id: micro-service-cloud-gateway-9527
    hostname: micro-service-cloud-gateway
  client:
    fetch-registry: true
    register-with-eureka: true
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka7001.com:7001/eureka/,http://eureka7002.com:7002/eureka/,http://eureka7003.com:7003/eureka/

2. ```micro-service-cloud-gateway-9527ʹʡhttp://eureka7001.com:9527/dept/listǻַᷢʱ 406 󣬿̨¡

2021-10-21

2021-10-21 16:25:39.451  INFO 19116 --- [ctor-http-nio-4] net.biancheng.c.filter.MyGlobalFilter    :  uname Ϊ null

3. ʹʡhttp://eureka7001.com:9527/dept/list?uname=123,ͼ

ͼ7Զȫع

ο

https://lijunyi.xyz/docs/SpringCloud/SpringCloud.html#_2-2-x-%E5%88%86%E6%94%AF https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/2jeovmj77O9Ux96v3A0NtA https://juejin.cn/post/6931922457741770760 https://github.com/D2C-Cai/herring http://c.biancheng.net/springcloud https://github.com/macrozheng/springcloud-learning

SpringCloudGateway

API