Other

SQL supports miscellaneous operators that perform various operations.

|| {#concatenate-strings}

The || operator concatenates two string operands into a single string.

{{< flex >}} {{% flex-content "two-thirds operator-example" %}}

SELECT 'Hello' || ' world' AS "Concatenated"

{{% /flex-content %}} {{% flex-content "third operator-example" %}}

{{% /flex-content %}} {{< /flex >}}

AT TIME ZONE

The AT TIME ZONE operator takes the timestamp in the left operand and returns an equivalent timestamp with the updated time and offset of the time zone specified in the right operand. If no time zone is included in the input timestamp's Arrow data type, the operator assumes the time is in the time zone specified. Time zone offsets are provided by the operating system time zone database.

SELECT time AT TIME ZONE 'America/Los_Angeles' FROM home

{{< expand-wrapper >}} {{% expand "Convert a UTC timestamp to a specified timezone" %}}

SELECT
  arrow_cast('2024-01-01 00:00:00', 'Timestamp(Nanosecond, Some("UTC"))')
  AT TIME ZONE 'America/Los_Angeles' AS 'Time with TZ offset'

{{% /expand %}} {{% expand "Add a time zone offset to a timestamp without a specified timezone" %}}

SELECT
  '2024-01-01 00:00:00' AT TIME ZONE 'America/Los_Angeles' AS 'Local time with TZ offset'

{{% /expand %}} {{< /expand-wrapper >}}