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Problem 137: Fibonacci golden nuggets

curriculum/challenges/english/blocks/project-euler-problems-101-to-200/5900f3f51000cf542c50ff08.md

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--description--

Consider the infinite polynomial series $A_{F}(x) = xF_1 + x^2F_2 + x^3F_3 + \ldots$, where $F_k$ is the $k$th term in the Fibonacci sequence: $1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, \ldots$; that is, $F_k = F_{k − 1} + F_{k − 2}, F_1 = 1$ and $F_2 = 1$.

For this problem we shall be interested in values of $x$ for which $A_{F}(x)$ is a positive integer.

Surprisingly

$$\begin{align} A_F(\frac{1}{2}) & = (\frac{1}{2}) × 1 + {(\frac{1}{2})}^2 × 1 + {(\frac{1}{2})}^3 × 2 + {(\frac{1}{2})}^4 × 3 + {(\frac{1}{2})}^5 × 5 + \cdots \\ & = \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{4} + \frac{2}{8} + \frac{3}{16} + \frac{5}{32} + \cdots \\ & = 2 \end{align}$$

The corresponding values of $x$ for the first five natural numbers are shown below.

$x$$A_F(x)$
$\sqrt{2} − 1$$1$
$\frac{1}{2}$$2$
$\frac{\sqrt{13} − 2}{3}$$3$
$\frac{\sqrt{89} − 5}{8}$$4$
$\frac{\sqrt{34} − 3}{5}$$5$

We shall call $A_F(x)$ a golden nugget if $x$ is rational, because they become increasingly rarer; for example, the 10th golden nugget is 74049690.

Find the 15th golden nugget.

--hints--

goldenNugget() should return 1120149658760.

js
assert.strictEqual(goldenNugget(), 1120149658760);

--seed--

--seed-contents--

js
function goldenNugget() {

  return true;
}

goldenNugget();

--solutions--

js
// solution required