--instructions--

Listen to the audio and answer the question below.

--questions--

--text--

What does Maria believe is the best course of action?

--answers--

Finding a solution while avoiding too much disruption.

Delaying the search for a solution.

--feedback--

Maria is focused on finding a solution, not delaying it.

Causing as much disruption as needed.

--feedback--

Maria specifically wants to avoid this.

Ignoring the problem and continuing as usual.

--feedback--

Maria believes a solution is necessary rather than ignoring the issue.

--video-solution--

1

--explanation--

When a verb follows a preposition (such as without), it takes the -ing form. In this case, without causing means avoiding an action that leads to disruption. This is true for all prepositions. For example:

• She left without saying goodbye. - This means that she did not say goodbye prior to leaving.

• We succeeded by working together. - The preposition by implies the manner through which they succeeded - working as a team.

• They talked about improving the process. - The preposition about comes before the topic of the conversation - how to improve the process.

--scene--

{
  "setup": {
    "background": "company1-boardroom.png",
    "characters": [
      {
        "character": "Maria",
        "position": {
          "x": 50,
          "y": 0,
          "z": 1.5
        },
        "opacity": 0
      }
    ],
    "audio": {
      "filename": "B1_8-3.mp3",
      "startTime": 1,
      "startTimestamp": 32.06,
      "finishTimestamp": 35
    }
  },
  "commands": [
    {
      "character": "Maria",
      "opacity": 1,
      "startTime": 0
    },
    {
      "character": "Maria",
      "startTime": 1,
      "finishTime": 3.94,
      "dialogue": {
        "text": "We need to find a solution without causing too much disruption.",
        "align": "center"
      }
    },
    {
      "character": "Maria",
      "opacity": 0,
      "startTime": 4.44
    }
  ]
}