fastmcp.server.auth.providers.jwt

TokenVerifier implementations for FastMCP.

Classes

JWKData ^{<a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/src/fastmcp/server/auth/providers/jwt.py#L27" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a>}

JSON Web Key data structure.

JWKSData ^{<a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/src/fastmcp/server/auth/providers/jwt.py#L40" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a>}

JSON Web Key Set data structure.

RSAKeyPair ^{<a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/src/fastmcp/server/auth/providers/jwt.py#L47" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a>}

RSA key pair for JWT testing.

Methods:

generate ^{<a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/src/fastmcp/server/auth/providers/jwt.py#L54" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a>}

generate(cls) -> RSAKeyPair

Generate an RSA key pair for testing.

Returns:

• Generated key pair

create_token ^{<a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/src/fastmcp/server/auth/providers/jwt.py#L89" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a>}

create_token(self, subject: str = 'fastmcp-user', issuer: str = 'https://fastmcp.example.com', audience: str | list[str] | None = None, scopes: list[str] | None = None, expires_in_seconds: int = 3600, additional_claims: dict[str, Any] | None = None, kid: str | None = None) -> str

Generate a test JWT token for testing purposes.

Args:

• subject: Subject claim (usually user ID)
• issuer: Issuer claim
• audience: Audience claim - can be a string or list of strings (optional)
• scopes: List of scopes to include
• expires_in_seconds: Token expiration time in seconds
• additional_claims: Any additional claims to include
• kid: Key ID to include in header

JWTVerifier ^{<a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/src/fastmcp/server/auth/providers/jwt.py#L156" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a>}

JWT token verifier supporting both asymmetric (RSA/ECDSA) and symmetric (HMAC) algorithms.

This verifier validates JWT tokens using various signing algorithms:

• Asymmetric algorithms (RS256/384/512, ES256/384/512, PS256/384/512): Uses public/private key pairs. Ideal for external clients and services where only the authorization server has the private key.
• Symmetric algorithms (HS256/384/512): Uses a shared secret for both signing and verification. Perfect for internal microservices and trusted environments where the secret can be securely shared.

Use this when:

• You have JWT tokens issued by an external service (asymmetric)
• You need JWKS support for automatic key rotation (asymmetric)
• You have internal microservices sharing a secret key (symmetric)
• Your tokens contain standard OAuth scopes and claims

Methods:

load_access_token ^{<a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/src/fastmcp/server/auth/providers/jwt.py#L397" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a>}

load_access_token(self, token: str) -> AccessToken | None

Validate a JWT bearer token and return an AccessToken when the token is valid.

Args:

• token: The JWT bearer token string to validate.

Returns:

• AccessToken | None: An AccessToken populated from token claims if the token is valid; None if the token is expired, has an invalid signature or format, fails issuer/audience/scope validation, or any other validation error occurs.

verify_token ^{<a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/src/fastmcp/server/auth/providers/jwt.py#L523" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a>}

verify_token(self, token: str) -> AccessToken | None

Verify a bearer token and return access info if valid.

This method implements the TokenVerifier protocol by delegating to our existing load_access_token method.

Args:

• token: The JWT token string to validate

Returns:

• AccessToken object if valid, None if invalid or expired

StaticTokenVerifier ^{<a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/src/fastmcp/server/auth/providers/jwt.py#L539" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a>}

Simple static token verifier for testing and development.

This verifier validates tokens against a predefined dictionary of valid token strings and their associated claims. When a token string matches a key in the dictionary, the verifier returns the corresponding claims as if the token was validated by a real authorization server.

Use this when:

• You're developing or testing locally without a real OAuth server
• You need predictable tokens for automated testing
• You want to simulate different users/scopes without complex setup
• You're prototyping and need simple API key-style authentication

WARNING: Never use this in production - tokens are stored in plain text!

Methods:

verify_token ^{<a href="https://github.com/PrefectHQ/fastmcp/blob/main/src/fastmcp/server/auth/providers/jwt.py#L573" target="_blank"><Icon icon="github" style="width: 14px; height: 14px;" /></a>}

verify_token(self, token: str) -> AccessToken | None

Verify token against static token dictionary.