General Guidelines

Style and best practices that apply to all languages and frameworks.

Philosophy

• These are not to be blindly followed; strive to understand these and ask when in doubt.
• Don't duplicate the functionality of a built-in library.
• Don't swallow exceptions or "fail silently."
• Don't write code that guesses at future functionality.
• Exceptions should be exceptional.
• Keep the code simple.

Code Review

Use a linter to automatically review your GitHub pull requests for style guide violations.

Formatting

• Break long lines after 80 characters.
• Delete trailing spaces.
• Don't misspell.
• Use Unix-style line endings (\n).
• Use spaces around operators, except for unary operators, such as !.

Naming

• Avoid abbreviations.
• Avoid object types in names (user_array, email_method CalculatorClass, ReportModule).
• Prefer naming classes after domain concepts rather than patterns they implement (e.g. Guest vs NullUser, CachedRequest vs RequestDecorator).
• Name the enumeration parameter the singular of the collection (users.each { |user| greet(user) }).
• Name variables, methods, and classes to reveal intent. This includes documentation and examples (e.g. don't use foo, bar, baz in examples).
• Treat acronyms as words in names (XmlHttpRequest not XMLHTTPRequest), even if the acronym is the entire name (class Html not class HTML).

Organization

• Order methods so that caller methods are earlier in the file than the methods they call.
• Order methods so that methods are as close as possible to other methods they call.