content/manuals/engine/install/debian.md
To get started with Docker Engine on Debian, make sure you meet the prerequisites, and then follow the installation steps.
[!WARNING]
Before you install Docker, make sure you consider the following security implications and firewall incompatibilities.
iptables-nft and iptables-legacy.
Firewall rules created with nft are not supported on a system with Docker installed.
Make sure that any firewall rulesets you use are created with iptables or ip6tables,
and that you add them to the DOCKER-USER chain,
see Packet filtering and firewalls.To install Docker Engine, you need one of these Debian versions:
Docker Engine for Debian is compatible with x86_64 (or amd64), armhf (arm/v7), arm64, and ppc64le (ppc64el) architectures.
Before you can install Docker Engine, you need to uninstall any conflicting packages.
Your Linux distribution may provide unofficial Docker packages, which may conflict with the official packages provided by Docker. You must uninstall these packages before you install the official version of Docker Engine.
The unofficial packages to uninstall are:
docker.iodocker-composedocker-docpodman-dockerMoreover, Docker Engine depends on containerd and runc. Docker Engine
bundles these dependencies as one bundle: containerd.io. If you have
installed the containerd or runc previously, uninstall them to avoid
conflicts with the versions bundled with Docker Engine.
Run the following command to uninstall all conflicting packages:
$ sudo apt remove $(dpkg --get-selections docker.io docker-compose docker-doc podman-docker containerd runc | cut -f1)
apt might report that you have none of these packages installed.
Images, containers, volumes, and networks stored in /var/lib/docker/ aren't
automatically removed when you uninstall Docker. If you want to start with a
clean installation, and prefer to clean up any existing data, read the
uninstall Docker Engine section.
You can install Docker Engine in different ways, depending on your needs:
Docker Engine comes bundled with Docker Desktop for Linux. This is the easiest and quickest way to get started.
Set up and install Docker Engine from
Docker's apt repository.
Install it manually and manage upgrades manually.
Use a convenience script. Only recommended for testing and development environments.
{{% include "engine-license.md" %}}
apt repository {#install-using-the-repository}Before you install Docker Engine for the first time on a new host machine, you
need to set up the Docker apt repository. Afterward, you can install and update
Docker from the repository.
Set up Docker's apt repository.
# Add Docker's official GPG key:
sudo apt update
sudo apt install ca-certificates curl
sudo install -m 0755 -d /etc/apt/keyrings
sudo curl -fsSL {{% param "download-url-base" %}}/gpg -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc
sudo chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc
# Add the repository to Apt sources:
sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.sources <<EOF
Types: deb
URIs: {{% param "download-url-base" %}}
Suites: $(. /etc/os-release && echo "$VERSION_CODENAME")
Components: stable
Signed-By: /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc
EOF
sudo apt update
[!NOTE]
If you use a derivative distribution, such as Kali Linux, you may need to substitute the part of this command that's expected to print the version codename:
console$(. /etc/os-release && echo "$VERSION_CODENAME")Replace this part with the codename of the corresponding Debian release, such as
bookworm.
Install the Docker packages.
{{< tabs >}} {{< tab name="Latest" >}}
To install the latest version, run:
$ sudo apt install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin
{{< /tab >}} {{< tab name="Specific version" >}}
To install a specific version of Docker Engine, start by listing the available versions in the repository:
$ apt list --all-versions docker-ce
docker-ce/bookworm 5:{{% param "docker_ce_version" %}}-1~debian.12~bookworm <arch>
docker-ce/bookworm 5:{{% param "docker_ce_version_prev" %}}-1~debian.12~bookworm <arch>
...
Select the desired version and install:
$ VERSION_STRING=5:{{% param "docker_ce_version" %}}-1~debian.12~bookworm
$ sudo apt install docker-ce=$VERSION_STRING docker-ce-cli=$VERSION_STRING containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin
{{< /tab >}} {{< /tabs >}}
[!NOTE]
The Docker service starts automatically after installation. To verify that Docker is running, use:
console$ sudo systemctl status dockerSome systems may have this behavior disabled and will require a manual start:
console$ sudo systemctl start docker
Verify that the installation is successful by running the hello-world image:
$ sudo docker run hello-world
This command downloads a test image and runs it in a container. When the container runs, it prints a confirmation message and exits.
You have now successfully installed and started Docker Engine.
{{% include "root-errors.md" %}}
To upgrade Docker Engine, follow step 2 of the installation instructions, choosing the new version you want to install.
If you can't use Docker's apt repository to install Docker Engine, you can
download the deb file for your release and install it manually. You need to
download a new file each time you want to upgrade Docker Engine.
Go to [{{% param "download-url-base" %}}/dists/]({{% param "download-url-base" %}}/dists/).
Select your Debian version in the list.
Go to pool/stable/ and select the applicable architecture (amd64,
armhf, arm64, or s390x).
Download the following deb files for the Docker Engine, CLI, containerd,
and Docker Compose packages:
containerd.io_<version>_<arch>.debdocker-ce_<version>_<arch>.debdocker-ce-cli_<version>_<arch>.debdocker-buildx-plugin_<version>_<arch>.debdocker-compose-plugin_<version>_<arch>.debInstall the .deb packages. Update the paths in the following example to
where you downloaded the Docker packages.
$ sudo dpkg -i ./containerd.io_<version>_<arch>.deb \
./docker-ce_<version>_<arch>.deb \
./docker-ce-cli_<version>_<arch>.deb \
./docker-buildx-plugin_<version>_<arch>.deb \
./docker-compose-plugin_<version>_<arch>.deb
[!NOTE]
The Docker service starts automatically after installation. To verify that Docker is running, use:
console$ sudo systemctl status dockerSome systems may have this behavior disabled and will require a manual start:
console$ sudo systemctl start docker
Verify that the installation is successful by running the hello-world image:
$ sudo docker run hello-world
This command downloads a test image and runs it in a container. When the container runs, it prints a confirmation message and exits.
You have now successfully installed and started Docker Engine.
{{% include "root-errors.md" %}}
To upgrade Docker Engine, download the newer package files and repeat the installation procedure, pointing to the new files.
{{% include "install-script.md" %}}
Uninstall the Docker Engine, CLI, containerd, and Docker Compose packages:
$ sudo apt purge docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin docker-ce-rootless-extras
Images, containers, volumes, or custom configuration files on your host aren't automatically removed. To delete all images, containers, and volumes:
$ sudo rm -rf /var/lib/docker
$ sudo rm -rf /var/lib/containerd
Remove source list and keyrings
$ sudo rm /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.sources
$ sudo rm /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc
You have to delete any edited configuration files manually.