ARP

Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a communication protocol used for discovering the link-layer address, such as a MAC address, associated with a given Internet layer address, typically an IPv4 address. In simpler terms, when a device wants to send data to another device on the same network, it uses ARP to find the physical hardware address (MAC address) of the destination device, so that the data can be correctly delivered. It works by sending a broadcast ARP request asking "Who has this IP address?" and the device with that IP address responds with its MAC address.

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• @article@ARP - Wikipedia
• @article@What is Address Resolution Protocol?
• @video@ARP Explained