State Mgmt Spa

Without a full framework or library like React or Vue.js, properly handling state management is not a trivial task.

Some options available through the language itself are:

• Global Variables: You can use global variables, or perhaps a global object to centralize state. The problem with this approach is that it can become quite unmanageable for large applications. It’s also a lot harder to maintain local state inside single components.
• Module Pattern: You can use this pattern to encapsulate state and provide a clear API to manage it. You would have to instantiate local instances of these modules for individual components.
• Pub/Sub Pattern: This option is more sophisticated, and it decouples state changes using event-driven architecture. It’s a more complex solution, but it provides a bigger flexibility.
• State Management Libraries: You can always use something like Redux or similar libraries without frameworks.