Minimum-length least squares

This notebook shows how to solve a minimum-length least squares problem, which finds a minimum-length vector :math:x \in \mathbf{R}^n achieving small mean-square error (MSE) for a particular least squares problem:

.. math::

\begin{array}{ll} \mbox{minimize} & \mathrm{len}(x) \ \mbox{subject to} & \frac{1}{n}|Ax - b|_2^2 \leq \epsilon, \end{array}

where the variable is :math:x and the problem data are :math:n, :math:A, :math:b, and :math:\epsilon.

This is a quasiconvex program (QCP). It can be specified using disciplined quasiconvex programming (DQCP <https://www.cvxpy.org/tutorial/dqcp/index.html>__), and it can therefore be solved using CVXPY.

.. code::

!pip install --upgrade cvxpy

.. code::

import cvxpy as cp
import numpy as np

The below cell constructs the problem data.

.. code::

n = 10
np.random.seed(1)
A = np.random.randn(n, n)
x_star = np.random.randn(n)
b = A @ x_star
epsilon = 1e-2

And the next cell constructs and solves the QCP.

.. code::

x = cp.Variable(n)
mse = cp.sum_squares(A @ x - b)/n
problem = cp.Problem(cp.Minimize(cp.length(x)), [mse <= epsilon])
print("Is problem DQCP?: ", problem.is_dqcp())

problem.solve(qcp=True)
print("Found a solution, with length: ", problem.value)

.. parsed-literal::

Is problem DQCP?:  True
Found a solution, with length:  8.0

.. code::

print("MSE: ", mse.value)

.. parsed-literal::

MSE:  0.00926009328813662

.. code::

print("x: ", x.value)

.. parsed-literal::

x:  [-2.58366030e-01  1.38434327e+00  2.10714108e-01  9.44811159e-01
 -1.14622208e+00  1.51283929e-01  6.62931941e-01 -1.16358584e+00
  2.78132907e-13 -1.76314786e-13]

.. code::

print("x_star: ", x_star)

.. parsed-literal::

x_star:  [-0.44712856  1.2245077   0.40349164  0.59357852 -1.09491185  0.16938243
  0.74055645 -0.9537006  -0.26621851  0.03261455]