int init_python(void)
{
    PyInitConfig *config = PyInitConfig_Create();
    if (config == NULL) {
        printf("PYTHON INIT ERROR: memory allocation failed\n");
        return -1;
    }

    // Enable the Python Development Mode
    if (PyInitConfig_SetInt(config, "dev_mode", 1) < 0) {
        goto error;
    }

    // Initialize Python with the configuration
    if (Py_InitializeFromInitConfig(config) < 0) {
        goto error;
    }
    PyInitConfig_Free(config);
    return 0;

error:
    {
        // Display the error message.
        //
        // This uncommon braces style is used, because you cannot make
        // goto targets point to variable declarations.
        const char *err_msg;
        (void)PyInitConfig_GetError(config, &err_msg);
        printf("PYTHON INIT ERROR: %s\n", err_msg);
        PyInitConfig_Free(config);
        return -1;
    }
}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    PyStatus status;

    PyConfig config;
    PyConfig_InitPythonConfig(&config);
    config.isolated = 1;

    /* Decode command line arguments.
       Implicitly preinitialize Python (in isolated mode). */
    status = PyConfig_SetBytesArgv(&config, argc, argv);
    if (PyStatus_Exception(status)) {
        goto exception;
    }

    status = Py_InitializeFromConfig(&config);
    if (PyStatus_Exception(status)) {
        goto exception;
    }
    PyConfig_Clear(&config);

    return Py_RunMain();

exception:
    PyConfig_Clear(&config);
    if (PyStatus_IsExit(status)) {
        return status.exitcode;
    }
    /* Display the error message and exit the process with
       non-zero exit code */
    Py_ExitStatusException(status);
}

  Append *item* to *list*.

  Python must be preinitialized to call this function.

  Insert *item* into *list* at *index*.

  If *index* is greater than or equal to *list* length, append *item* to
  *list*.

  *index* must be greater than or equal to ``0``.

  Python must be preinitialized to call this function.

  List length.

  List items.

  Exit code. Argument passed to ``exit()``.

  Error message.

  Name of the function which created an error, can be ``NULL``.

  Success.

  Initialization error with a message.

  *err_msg* must not be ``NULL``.

  Memory allocation failure (out of memory).

  Exit Python with the specified exit code.

  Is the status an error or an exit? If true, the exception must be
  handled; by calling :c:func:`Py_ExitStatusException` for example.

  Is the result an error?

  Is the result an exit?

  Call ``exit(exitcode)`` if *status* is an exit. Print the error
  message and exit with a non-zero exit code if *status* is an error.  Must
  only be called if ``PyStatus_Exception(status)`` is non-zero.

PyStatus alloc(void **ptr, size_t size)
{
    *ptr = PyMem_RawMalloc(size);
    if (*ptr == NULL) {
        return PyStatus_NoMemory();
    }
    return PyStatus_Ok();
}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    void *ptr;
    PyStatus status = alloc(&ptr, 16);
    if (PyStatus_Exception(status)) {
        Py_ExitStatusException(status);
    }
    PyMem_Free(ptr);
    return 0;
}

  Initialize the preconfiguration with :ref:`Python Configuration
  <init-python-config>`.

  Initialize the preconfiguration with :ref:`Isolated Configuration
  <init-isolated-conf>`.

  Name of the Python memory allocators:

  * ``PYMEM_ALLOCATOR_NOT_SET`` (``0``): don't change memory allocators
    (use defaults).
  * ``PYMEM_ALLOCATOR_DEFAULT`` (``1``): :ref:`default memory allocators
    <default-memory-allocators>`.
  * ``PYMEM_ALLOCATOR_DEBUG`` (``2``): :ref:`default memory allocators
    <default-memory-allocators>` with :ref:`debug hooks
    <pymem-debug-hooks>`.
  * ``PYMEM_ALLOCATOR_MALLOC`` (``3``): use ``malloc()`` of the C library.
  * ``PYMEM_ALLOCATOR_MALLOC_DEBUG`` (``4``): force usage of
    ``malloc()`` with :ref:`debug hooks <pymem-debug-hooks>`.
  * ``PYMEM_ALLOCATOR_PYMALLOC`` (``5``): :ref:`Python pymalloc memory
    allocator <pymalloc>`.
  * ``PYMEM_ALLOCATOR_PYMALLOC_DEBUG`` (``6``): :ref:`Python pymalloc
    memory allocator <pymalloc>` with :ref:`debug hooks
    <pymem-debug-hooks>`.
  * ``PYMEM_ALLOCATOR_MIMALLOC`` (``6``): use ``mimalloc``, a fast
    malloc replacement.
  * ``PYMEM_ALLOCATOR_MIMALLOC_DEBUG`` (``7``): use ``mimalloc``, a fast
    malloc replacement with :ref:`debug hooks <pymem-debug-hooks>`.


  ``PYMEM_ALLOCATOR_PYMALLOC`` and ``PYMEM_ALLOCATOR_PYMALLOC_DEBUG`` are
  not supported if Python is :option:`configured using --without-pymalloc
  <--without-pymalloc>`.

  ``PYMEM_ALLOCATOR_MIMALLOC`` and ``PYMEM_ALLOCATOR_MIMALLOC_DEBUG`` are
  not supported if Python is :option:`configured using --without-mimalloc
  <--without-mimalloc>` or if the underlying atomic support isn't
  available.

  See :ref:`Memory Management <memory>`.

  Default: ``PYMEM_ALLOCATOR_NOT_SET``.

  Set the LC_CTYPE locale to the user preferred locale.

  If equals to ``0``, set :c:member:`~PyPreConfig.coerce_c_locale` and
  :c:member:`~PyPreConfig.coerce_c_locale_warn` members to ``0``.

  See the :term:`locale encoding`.

  Default: ``1`` in Python config, ``0`` in isolated config.

  If equals to ``2``, coerce the C locale.

  If equals to ``1``, read the LC_CTYPE locale to decide if it should be
  coerced.

  See the :term:`locale encoding`.

  Default: ``-1`` in Python config, ``0`` in isolated config.

  If non-zero, emit a warning if the C locale is coerced.

  Default: ``-1`` in Python config, ``0`` in isolated config.

  :ref:`Python Development Mode <devmode>`: see
  :c:member:`PyConfig.dev_mode`.

  Default: ``-1`` in Python mode, ``0`` in isolated mode.

  Isolated mode: see :c:member:`PyConfig.isolated`.

  Default: ``0`` in Python mode, ``1`` in isolated mode.

  If non-zero:

  * Set :c:member:`PyPreConfig.utf8_mode` to ``0``,
  * Set :c:member:`PyConfig.filesystem_encoding` to ``"mbcs"``,
  * Set :c:member:`PyConfig.filesystem_errors` to ``"replace"``.

  Initialized from the :envvar:`PYTHONLEGACYWINDOWSFSENCODING` environment
  variable value.

  Only available on Windows. ``#ifdef MS_WINDOWS`` macro can be used for
  Windows specific code.

  Default: ``0``.

  If non-zero, :c:func:`Py_PreInitializeFromArgs` and
  :c:func:`Py_PreInitializeFromBytesArgs` parse their ``argv`` argument the
  same way the regular Python parses command line arguments: see
  :ref:`Command Line Arguments <using-on-cmdline>`.

  Default: ``1`` in Python config, ``0`` in isolated config.

  Use :ref:`environment variables <using-on-envvars>`? See
  :c:member:`PyConfig.use_environment`.

  Default: ``1`` in Python config and ``0`` in isolated config.

  If non-zero, enable the :ref:`Python UTF-8 Mode <utf8-mode>`.

  Set to ``0`` or ``1`` by the :option:`-X utf8 <-X>` command line option
  and the :envvar:`PYTHONUTF8` environment variable.

  Default: ``1``.

PyStatus status;
PyPreConfig preconfig;
PyPreConfig_InitPythonConfig(&preconfig);

preconfig.utf8_mode = 1;

status = Py_PreInitialize(&preconfig);
if (PyStatus_Exception(status)) {
    Py_ExitStatusException(status);
}

/* at this point, Python speaks UTF-8 */

Py_Initialize();
/* ... use Python API here ... */
Py_Finalize();

  Initialize configuration with the :ref:`Python Configuration
  <init-python-config>`.

  Initialize configuration with the :ref:`Isolated Configuration
  <init-isolated-conf>`.

  Copy the wide character string *str* into ``*config_str``.

  :ref:`Preinitialize Python <c-preinit>` if needed.

  Decode *str* using :c:func:`Py_DecodeLocale` and set the result into
  ``*config_str``.

  :ref:`Preinitialize Python <c-preinit>` if needed.

  Set command line arguments (:c:member:`~PyConfig.argv` member of
  *config*) from the *argv* list of wide character strings.

  :ref:`Preinitialize Python <c-preinit>` if needed.

  Set command line arguments (:c:member:`~PyConfig.argv` member of
  *config*) from the *argv* list of bytes strings. Decode bytes using
  :c:func:`Py_DecodeLocale`.

  :ref:`Preinitialize Python <c-preinit>` if needed.

  Set the list of wide strings *list* to *length* and *items*.

  :ref:`Preinitialize Python <c-preinit>` if needed.

  Read all Python configuration.

  Fields which are already initialized are left unchanged.

  Fields for :ref:`path configuration <init-path-config>` are no longer
  calculated or modified when calling this function, as of Python 3.11.

  The :c:func:`PyConfig_Read` function only parses
  :c:member:`PyConfig.argv` arguments once: :c:member:`PyConfig.parse_argv`
  is set to ``2`` after arguments are parsed. Since Python arguments are
  stripped from :c:member:`PyConfig.argv`, parsing arguments twice would
  parse the application options as Python options.

  :ref:`Preinitialize Python <c-preinit>` if needed.

  .. versionchanged:: 3.10
     The :c:member:`PyConfig.argv` arguments are now only parsed once,
     :c:member:`PyConfig.parse_argv` is set to ``2`` after arguments are
     parsed, and arguments are only parsed if
     :c:member:`PyConfig.parse_argv` equals ``1``.

  .. versionchanged:: 3.11
     :c:func:`PyConfig_Read` no longer calculates all paths, and so fields
     listed under :ref:`Python Path Configuration <init-path-config>` may
     no longer be updated until :c:func:`Py_InitializeFromConfig` is
     called.

  Release configuration memory.

  .. index::
     single: main()
     single: argv (in module sys)

  Set :data:`sys.argv` command line arguments based on
  :c:member:`~PyConfig.argv`.  These parameters are similar to those passed
  to the program's :c:func:`main` function with the difference that the
  first entry should refer to the script file to be executed rather than
  the executable hosting the Python interpreter.  If there isn't a script
  that will be run, the first entry in :c:member:`~PyConfig.argv` can be an
  empty string.

  Set :c:member:`~PyConfig.parse_argv` to ``1`` to parse
  :c:member:`~PyConfig.argv` the same way the regular Python parses Python
  command line arguments and then to strip Python arguments from
  :c:member:`~PyConfig.argv`.

  If :c:member:`~PyConfig.argv` is empty, an empty string is added to
  ensure that :data:`sys.argv` always exists and is never empty.

  Default: ``NULL``.

  See also the :c:member:`~PyConfig.orig_argv` member.

  If equals to zero, ``Py_RunMain()`` prepends a potentially unsafe path to
  :data:`sys.path` at startup:

  * If :c:member:`argv[0] <PyConfig.argv>` is equal to ``L"-m"``
    (``python -m module``), prepend the current working directory.
  * If running a script (``python script.py``), prepend the script's
    directory.  If it's a symbolic link, resolve symbolic links.
  * Otherwise (``python -c code`` and ``python``), prepend an empty string,
    which means the current working directory.

  Set to ``1`` by the :option:`-P` command line option and the
  :envvar:`PYTHONSAFEPATH` environment variable.

  Default: ``0`` in Python config, ``1`` in isolated config.

  .. versionadded:: 3.11

  :data:`sys.base_exec_prefix`.

  Default: ``NULL``.

  Part of the :ref:`Python Path Configuration <init-path-config>` output.

  See also :c:member:`PyConfig.exec_prefix`.

  Python base executable: :data:`sys._base_executable`.

  Set by the :envvar:`__PYVENV_LAUNCHER__` environment variable.

  Set from :c:member:`PyConfig.executable` if ``NULL``.

  Default: ``NULL``.

  Part of the :ref:`Python Path Configuration <init-path-config>` output.

  See also :c:member:`PyConfig.executable`.

  :data:`sys.base_prefix`.

  Default: ``NULL``.

  Part of the :ref:`Python Path Configuration <init-path-config>` output.

  See also :c:member:`PyConfig.prefix`.

  If equals to ``0`` and :c:member:`~PyConfig.configure_c_stdio` is non-zero,
  disable buffering on the C streams stdout and stderr.

  Set to ``0`` by the :option:`-u` command line option and the
  :envvar:`PYTHONUNBUFFERED` environment variable.

  stdin is always opened in buffered mode.

  Default: ``1``.

  If equals to ``1``, issue a warning when comparing :class:`bytes` or
  :class:`bytearray` with :class:`str`, or comparing :class:`bytes` with
  :class:`int`.

  If equal or greater to ``2``, raise a :exc:`BytesWarning` exception in these
  cases.

  Incremented by the :option:`-b` command line option.

  Default: ``0``.

  .. deprecated-removed:: 3.15 3.17

     The :option:`-b` and :option:`!-bb` options will become no-op in 3.17.
     :c:member:`~PyConfig.bytes_warning` member will be removed in 3.17.

  If non-zero, emit a :exc:`EncodingWarning` warning when :class:`io.TextIOWrapper`
  uses its default encoding. See :ref:`io-encoding-warning` for details.

  Default: ``0``.

  .. versionadded:: 3.10

  If equals to ``0``, disables the inclusion of the end line and column
  mappings in code objects. Also disables traceback printing carets to
  specific error locations.

  Set to ``0`` by the :envvar:`PYTHONNODEBUGRANGES` environment variable
  and by the :option:`-X no_debug_ranges <-X>` command line option.

  Default: ``1``.

  .. versionadded:: 3.11

  Control the validation behavior of hash-based ``.pyc`` files:
  value of the :option:`--check-hash-based-pycs` command line option.

  Valid values:

  - ``L"always"``: Hash the source file for invalidation regardless of
    value of the 'check_source' flag.
  - ``L"never"``: Assume that hash-based pycs always are valid.
  - ``L"default"``: The 'check_source' flag in hash-based pycs
    determines invalidation.

  Default: ``L"default"``.

  See also :pep:`552` "Deterministic pycs".

  If non-zero, configure C standard streams:

  * On Windows, set the binary mode (``O_BINARY``) on stdin, stdout and
    stderr.
  * If :c:member:`~PyConfig.buffered_stdio` equals zero, disable buffering
    of stdin, stdout and stderr streams.
  * If :c:member:`~PyConfig.interactive` is non-zero, enable stream
    buffering on stdin and stdout (only stdout on Windows).

  Default: ``1`` in Python config, ``0`` in isolated config.

  If non-zero, enable the :ref:`Python Development Mode <devmode>`.

  Set to ``1`` by the :option:`-X dev <-X>` option and the
  :envvar:`PYTHONDEVMODE` environment variable.

  Default: ``-1`` in Python mode, ``0`` in isolated mode.

  Dump Python references?

  If non-zero, dump all objects which are still alive at exit.

  Set to ``1`` by the :envvar:`PYTHONDUMPREFS` environment variable.

  Needs a special build of Python with the ``Py_TRACE_REFS`` macro defined:
  see the :option:`configure --with-trace-refs option <--with-trace-refs>`.

  Default: ``0``.

  Filename where to dump Python references.

  Set by the :envvar:`PYTHONDUMPREFSFILE` environment variable.

  Default: ``NULL``.

  .. versionadded:: 3.11

  The site-specific directory prefix where the platform-dependent Python
  files are installed: :data:`sys.exec_prefix`.

  Default: ``NULL``.

  Part of the :ref:`Python Path Configuration <init-path-config>` output.

  See also :c:member:`PyConfig.base_exec_prefix`.

  The absolute path of the executable binary for the Python interpreter:
  :data:`sys.executable`.

  Default: ``NULL``.

  Part of the :ref:`Python Path Configuration <init-path-config>` output.

  See also :c:member:`PyConfig.base_executable`.

  Enable faulthandler?

  If non-zero, call :func:`faulthandler.enable` at startup.

  Set to ``1`` by :option:`-X faulthandler <-X>` and the
  :envvar:`PYTHONFAULTHANDLER` environment variable.

  Default: ``-1`` in Python mode, ``0`` in isolated mode.

  :term:`Filesystem encoding <filesystem encoding and error handler>`:
  :func:`sys.getfilesystemencoding`.

  On macOS, Android and VxWorks: use ``"utf-8"`` by default.

  On Windows: use ``"utf-8"`` by default, or ``"mbcs"`` if
  :c:member:`~PyPreConfig.legacy_windows_fs_encoding` of
  :c:type:`PyPreConfig` is non-zero.

  Default encoding on other platforms:

  * ``"utf-8"`` if :c:member:`PyPreConfig.utf8_mode` is non-zero.
  * ``"ascii"`` if Python detects that ``nl_langinfo(CODESET)`` announces
    the ASCII encoding, whereas the ``mbstowcs()`` function
    decodes from a different encoding (usually Latin1).
  * ``"utf-8"`` if ``nl_langinfo(CODESET)`` returns an empty string.
  * Otherwise, use the :term:`locale encoding`:
    ``nl_langinfo(CODESET)`` result.

  At Python startup, the encoding name is normalized to the Python codec
  name. For example, ``"ANSI_X3.4-1968"`` is replaced with ``"ascii"``.

  See also the :c:member:`~PyConfig.filesystem_errors` member.

  :term:`Filesystem error handler <filesystem encoding and error handler>`:
  :func:`sys.getfilesystemencodeerrors`.

  On Windows: use ``"surrogatepass"`` by default, or ``"replace"``  if
  :c:member:`~PyPreConfig.legacy_windows_fs_encoding` of
  :c:type:`PyPreConfig` is non-zero.

  On other platforms: use ``"surrogateescape"`` by default.

  Supported error handlers:

  * ``"strict"``
  * ``"surrogateescape"``
  * ``"surrogatepass"`` (only supported with the UTF-8 encoding)

  See also the :c:member:`~PyConfig.filesystem_encoding` member.

  If non-zero, use frozen modules.

  Set by the :envvar:`PYTHON_FROZEN_MODULES` environment variable.

  Default: ``1`` in a release build, or ``0`` in a :ref:`debug build
  <debug-build>`.

  Randomized hash function seed.

  If :c:member:`~PyConfig.use_hash_seed` is zero, a seed is chosen randomly
  at Python startup, and :c:member:`~PyConfig.hash_seed` is ignored.

  Set by the :envvar:`PYTHONHASHSEED` environment variable.

  Default *use_hash_seed* value: ``-1`` in Python mode, ``0`` in isolated
  mode.

  Set the default Python "home" directory, that is, the location of the
  standard Python libraries (see :envvar:`PYTHONHOME`).

  Set by the :envvar:`PYTHONHOME` environment variable.

  Default: ``NULL``.

  Part of the :ref:`Python Path Configuration <init-path-config>` input.

  If ``1``, profile import time.
  If ``2``, include additional output that indicates
  when an imported module has already been loaded.

  Set by the :option:`-X importtime <-X>` option and the
  :envvar:`PYTHONPROFILEIMPORTTIME` environment variable.

  Default: ``0``.

 .. versionchanged:: 3.14

    Added support for ``import_time = 2``

  Enter interactive mode after executing a script or a command.

  If greater than ``0``, enable inspect: when a script is passed as first
  argument or the -c option is used, enter interactive mode after executing
  the script or the command, even when :data:`sys.stdin` does not appear to
  be a terminal.

  Incremented by the :option:`-i` command line option. Set to ``1`` if the
  :envvar:`PYTHONINSPECT` environment variable is non-empty.

  Default: ``0``.

  Install Python signal handlers?

  Default: ``1`` in Python mode, ``0`` in isolated mode.

  If greater than ``0``, enable the interactive mode (REPL).

  Incremented by the :option:`-i` command line option.

  Default: ``0``.

  Configures the :ref:`integer string conversion length limitation
  <int_max_str_digits>`.  An initial value of ``-1`` means the value will
  be taken from the command line or environment or otherwise default to
  4300 (:data:`sys.int_info.default_max_str_digits`).  A value of ``0``
  disables the limitation.  Values greater than zero but less than 640
  (:data:`sys.int_info.str_digits_check_threshold`) are unsupported and
  will produce an error.

  Configured by the :option:`-X int_max_str_digits <-X>` command line
  flag or the :envvar:`PYTHONINTMAXSTRDIGITS` environment variable.

  Default: ``-1`` in Python mode.  4300
  (:data:`sys.int_info.default_max_str_digits`) in isolated mode.

  .. versionadded:: 3.12

  If the value of :c:member:`~PyConfig.cpu_count` is not ``-1`` then it will
  override the return values of :func:`os.cpu_count`,
  :func:`os.process_cpu_count`, and :func:`multiprocessing.cpu_count`.

  Configured by the :samp:`-X cpu_count={n|default}` command line
  flag or the :envvar:`PYTHON_CPU_COUNT` environment variable.

  Default: ``-1``.

  .. versionadded:: 3.13

  If greater than ``0``, enable isolated mode:

  * Set :c:member:`~PyConfig.safe_path` to ``1``:
    don't prepend a potentially unsafe path to :data:`sys.path` at Python
    startup, such as the current directory, the script's directory or an
    empty string.
  * Set :c:member:`~PyConfig.use_environment` to ``0``: ignore ``PYTHON``
    environment variables.
  * Set :c:member:`~PyConfig.user_site_directory` to ``0``: don't add the user
    site directory to :data:`sys.path`.
  * Python REPL doesn't import :mod:`readline` nor enable default readline
    configuration on interactive prompts.

  Set to ``1`` by the :option:`-I` command line option.

  Default: ``0`` in Python mode, ``1`` in isolated mode.

  See also the :ref:`Isolated Configuration <init-isolated-conf>` and
  :c:member:`PyPreConfig.isolated`.

  If non-zero, use :class:`io.FileIO` instead of
  :class:`!io._WindowsConsoleIO` for :data:`sys.stdin`, :data:`sys.stdout`
  and :data:`sys.stderr`.

  Set to ``1`` if the :envvar:`PYTHONLEGACYWINDOWSSTDIO` environment
  variable is set to a non-empty string.

  Only available on Windows. ``#ifdef MS_WINDOWS`` macro can be used for
  Windows specific code.

  Default: ``0``.

  See also the :pep:`528` (Change Windows console encoding to UTF-8).

  If non-zero, dump statistics on :ref:`Python pymalloc memory allocator
  <pymalloc>` at exit.

  Set to ``1`` by the :envvar:`PYTHONMALLOCSTATS` environment variable.

  The option is ignored if Python is :option:`configured using
  the --without-pymalloc option <--without-pymalloc>`.

  Default: ``0``.

  Platform library directory name: :data:`sys.platlibdir`.

  Set by the :envvar:`PYTHONPLATLIBDIR` environment variable.

  Default: value of the ``PLATLIBDIR`` macro which is set by the
  :option:`configure --with-platlibdir option <--with-platlibdir>`
  (default: ``"lib"``, or ``"DLLs"`` on Windows).

  Part of the :ref:`Python Path Configuration <init-path-config>` input.

  .. versionadded:: 3.9

  .. versionchanged:: 3.11
     This macro is now used on Windows to locate the standard
     library extension modules, typically under ``DLLs``. However,
     for compatibility, note that this value is ignored for any
     non-standard layouts, including in-tree builds and virtual
     environments.

  Module search paths (:data:`sys.path`) as a string separated by ``DELIM``
  (:data:`os.pathsep`).

  Set by the :envvar:`PYTHONPATH` environment variable.

  Default: ``NULL``.

  Part of the :ref:`Python Path Configuration <init-path-config>` input.

  Module search paths: :data:`sys.path`.

  If :c:member:`~PyConfig.module_search_paths_set` is equal to ``0``,
  :c:func:`Py_InitializeFromConfig` will replace
  :c:member:`~PyConfig.module_search_paths` and sets
  :c:member:`~PyConfig.module_search_paths_set` to ``1``.

  Default: empty list (``module_search_paths``) and ``0``
  (``module_search_paths_set``).

  Part of the :ref:`Python Path Configuration <init-path-config>` output.

  Compilation optimization level:

  * ``0``: Peephole optimizer, set ``__debug__`` to ``True``.
  * ``1``: Level 0, remove assertions, set ``__debug__`` to ``False``.
  * ``2``: Level 1, strip docstrings.

  Incremented by the :option:`-O` command line option. Set to the
  :envvar:`PYTHONOPTIMIZE` environment variable value.

  Default: ``0``.

  The list of the original command line arguments passed to the Python
  executable: :data:`sys.orig_argv`.

  If :c:member:`~PyConfig.orig_argv` list is empty and
  :c:member:`~PyConfig.argv` is not a list only containing an empty
  string, :c:func:`PyConfig_Read` copies :c:member:`~PyConfig.argv` into
  :c:member:`~PyConfig.orig_argv` before modifying
  :c:member:`~PyConfig.argv` (if :c:member:`~PyConfig.parse_argv` is
  non-zero).

  See also the :c:member:`~PyConfig.argv` member and the
  :c:func:`Py_GetArgcArgv` function.

  Default: empty list.

  .. versionadded:: 3.10

  Parse command line arguments?

  If equals to ``1``, parse :c:member:`~PyConfig.argv` the same way the regular
  Python parses :ref:`command line arguments <using-on-cmdline>`, and strip
  Python arguments from :c:member:`~PyConfig.argv`.

  The :c:func:`PyConfig_Read` function only parses
  :c:member:`PyConfig.argv` arguments once: :c:member:`PyConfig.parse_argv`
  is set to ``2`` after arguments are parsed. Since Python arguments are
  stripped from :c:member:`PyConfig.argv`, parsing arguments twice would
  parse the application options as Python options.

  Default: ``1`` in Python mode, ``0`` in isolated mode.

  .. versionchanged:: 3.10
     The :c:member:`PyConfig.argv` arguments are now only parsed if
     :c:member:`PyConfig.parse_argv` equals to ``1``.

  Parser debug mode. If greater than ``0``, turn on parser debugging output (for expert only, depending
  on compilation options).

  Incremented by the :option:`-d` command line option. Set to the
  :envvar:`PYTHONDEBUG` environment variable value.

  Needs a :ref:`debug build of Python <debug-build>` (the ``Py_DEBUG`` macro
  must be defined).

  Default: ``0``.

  If non-zero, calculation of path configuration is allowed to log
  warnings into ``stderr``. If equals to ``0``, suppress these warnings.

  Default: ``1`` in Python mode, ``0`` in isolated mode.

  Part of the :ref:`Python Path Configuration <init-path-config>` input.

  .. versionchanged:: 3.11
     Now also applies on Windows.

  The site-specific directory prefix where the platform independent Python
  files are installed: :data:`sys.prefix`.

  Default: ``NULL``.

  Part of the :ref:`Python Path Configuration <init-path-config>` output.

  See also :c:member:`PyConfig.base_prefix`.

  Program name used to initialize :c:member:`~PyConfig.executable` and in
  early error messages during Python initialization.

  * On macOS, use :envvar:`PYTHONEXECUTABLE` environment variable if set.
  * If the ``WITH_NEXT_FRAMEWORK`` macro is defined, use
    :envvar:`__PYVENV_LAUNCHER__` environment variable if set.
  * Use ``argv[0]`` of :c:member:`~PyConfig.argv` if available and
    non-empty.
  * Otherwise, use ``L"python"`` on Windows, or ``L"python3"`` on other
    platforms.

  Default: ``NULL``.

  Part of the :ref:`Python Path Configuration <init-path-config>` input.

  Directory where cached ``.pyc`` files are written:
  :data:`sys.pycache_prefix`.

  Set by the :option:`-X pycache_prefix=PATH <-X>` command line option and
  the :envvar:`PYTHONPYCACHEPREFIX` environment variable.
  The command-line option takes precedence.

  If ``NULL``, :data:`sys.pycache_prefix` is set to ``None``.

  Default: ``NULL``.

  Quiet mode. If greater than ``0``, don't display the copyright and version at
  Python startup in interactive mode.

  Incremented by the :option:`-q` command line option.

  Default: ``0``.

  Value of the :option:`-c` command line option.

  Used by :c:func:`Py_RunMain`.

  Default: ``NULL``.

  Filename passed on the command line: trailing command line argument
  without :option:`-c` or :option:`-m`. It is used by the
  :c:func:`Py_RunMain` function.

  For example, it is set to ``script.py`` by the ``python3 script.py arg``
  command line.

  See also the :c:member:`PyConfig.skip_source_first_line` option.

  Default: ``NULL``.

  Value of the :option:`-m` command line option.

  Used by :c:func:`Py_RunMain`.

  Default: ``NULL``.

  ``package.module`` path to module that should be imported before
  ``site.py`` is run.

  Set by the :option:`-X presite=package.module <-X>` command-line
  option and the :envvar:`PYTHON_PRESITE` environment variable.
  The command-line option takes precedence.

  Needs a :ref:`debug build of Python <debug-build>` (the ``Py_DEBUG`` macro
  must be defined).

  Default: ``NULL``.

  Show total reference count at exit (excluding :term:`immortal` objects)?

  Set to ``1`` by :option:`-X showrefcount <-X>` command line option.

  Needs a :ref:`debug build of Python <debug-build>` (the ``Py_REF_DEBUG``
  macro must be defined).

  Default: ``0``.

  Import the :mod:`site` module at startup?

  If equal to zero, disable the import of the module site and the
  site-dependent manipulations of :data:`sys.path` that it entails.

  Also disable these manipulations if the :mod:`site` module is explicitly
  imported later (call :func:`site.main` if you want them to be triggered).

  Set to ``0`` by the :option:`-S` command line option.

  :data:`sys.flags.no_site <sys.flags>` is set to the inverted value of
  :c:member:`~PyConfig.site_import`.

  Default: ``1``.

  If non-zero, skip the first line of the :c:member:`PyConfig.run_filename`
  source.

  It allows the usage of non-Unix forms of ``#!cmd``. This is intended for
  a DOS specific hack only.

  Set to ``1`` by the :option:`-x` command line option.

  Default: ``0``.

  Encoding and encoding errors of :data:`sys.stdin`, :data:`sys.stdout` and
  :data:`sys.stderr` (but :data:`sys.stderr` always uses
  ``"backslashreplace"`` error handler).

  Use the :envvar:`PYTHONIOENCODING` environment variable if it is
  non-empty.

  Default encoding:

  * ``"UTF-8"`` if :c:member:`PyPreConfig.utf8_mode` is non-zero.
  * Otherwise, use the :term:`locale encoding`.

  Default error handler:

  * On Windows: use ``"surrogateescape"``.
  * ``"surrogateescape"`` if :c:member:`PyPreConfig.utf8_mode` is non-zero,
    or if the LC_CTYPE locale is "C" or "POSIX".
  * ``"strict"`` otherwise.

  See also :c:member:`PyConfig.legacy_windows_stdio`.

  Enable tracemalloc?

  If non-zero, call :func:`tracemalloc.start` at startup.

  Set by :option:`-X tracemalloc=N <-X>` command line option and by the
  :envvar:`PYTHONTRACEMALLOC` environment variable.

  Default: ``-1`` in Python mode, ``0`` in isolated mode.

  Enable the Linux ``perf`` profiler support?

  If equals to ``1``, enable support for the Linux ``perf`` profiler.

  If equals to ``2``, enable support for the Linux ``perf`` profiler with
  DWARF JIT support.

  Set to ``1`` by :option:`-X perf <-X>` command-line option and the
  :envvar:`PYTHONPERFSUPPORT` environment variable.

  Set to ``2`` by the :option:`-X perf_jit <-X>` command-line option and
  the :envvar:`PYTHON_PERF_JIT_SUPPORT` environment variable.

  Default: ``-1``.

  .. seealso::
     See :ref:`perf_profiling` for more information.

  .. versionadded:: 3.12

  Directory of the Python standard library.

  Default: ``NULL``.

  .. versionadded:: 3.11

  Use :ref:`environment variables <using-on-envvars>`?

  If equals to zero, ignore the :ref:`environment variables
  <using-on-envvars>`.

  Set to ``0`` by the :option:`-E` environment variable.

  Default: ``1`` in Python config and ``0`` in isolated config.

  If non-zero, ``stdout`` and ``stderr`` will be redirected to the system
  log.

  Only available on macOS 10.12 and later, and on iOS.

  Default: ``0`` (don't use the system log) on macOS; ``1`` on iOS (use the
  system log).

  .. versionadded:: 3.14

  If non-zero, add the user site directory to :data:`sys.path`.

  Set to ``0`` by the :option:`-s` and :option:`-I` command line options.

  Set to ``0`` by the :envvar:`PYTHONNOUSERSITE` environment variable.

  Default: ``1`` in Python mode, ``0`` in isolated mode.

  Verbose mode. If greater than ``0``, print a message each time a module is
  imported, showing the place (filename or built-in module) from which
  it is loaded.

  If greater than or equal to ``2``, print a message for each file that is
  checked for when searching for a module. Also provides information on
  module cleanup at exit.

  Incremented by the :option:`-v` command line option.

  Set by the :envvar:`PYTHONVERBOSE` environment variable value.

  Default: ``0``.

  Options of the :mod:`warnings` module to build warnings filters, lowest
  to highest priority: :data:`sys.warnoptions`.

  The :mod:`warnings` module adds :data:`sys.warnoptions` in the reverse
  order: the last :c:member:`PyConfig.warnoptions` item becomes the first
  item of :data:`warnings.filters` which is checked first (highest
  priority).

  The :option:`-W` command line options adds its value to
  :c:member:`~PyConfig.warnoptions`, it can be used multiple times.

  The :envvar:`PYTHONWARNINGS` environment variable can also be used to add
  warning options. Multiple options can be specified, separated by commas
  (``,``).

  Default: empty list.

  If equal to ``0``, Python won't try to write ``.pyc`` files on the import of
  source modules.

  Set to ``0`` by the :option:`-B` command line option and the
  :envvar:`PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE` environment variable.

  :data:`sys.dont_write_bytecode` is initialized to the inverted value of
  :c:member:`~PyConfig.write_bytecode`.

  Default: ``1``.

  Values of the :option:`-X` command line options: :data:`sys._xoptions`.

  Default: empty list.

  If non-zero, write performance statistics at Python exit.

  Need a special build with the ``Py_STATS`` macro:
  see :option:`--enable-pystats`.

  Default: ``0``.

void init_python(void)
{
    PyStatus status;

    PyConfig config;
    PyConfig_InitPythonConfig(&config);

    /* Set the program name. Implicitly preinitialize Python. */
    status = PyConfig_SetString(&config, &config.program_name,
                                L"/path/to/my_program");
    if (PyStatus_Exception(status)) {
        goto exception;
    }

    status = Py_InitializeFromConfig(&config);
    if (PyStatus_Exception(status)) {
        goto exception;
    }
    PyConfig_Clear(&config);
    return;

exception:
    PyConfig_Clear(&config);
    Py_ExitStatusException(status);
}

PyStatus init_python(const char *program_name)
{
    PyStatus status;

    PyConfig config;
    PyConfig_InitPythonConfig(&config);

    /* Set the program name before reading the configuration
       (decode byte string from the locale encoding).

       Implicitly preinitialize Python. */
    status = PyConfig_SetBytesString(&config, &config.program_name,
                                     program_name);
    if (PyStatus_Exception(status)) {
        goto done;
    }

    /* Read all configuration at once */
    status = PyConfig_Read(&config);
    if (PyStatus_Exception(status)) {
        goto done;
    }

    /* Specify sys.path explicitly */
    /* If you want to modify the default set of paths, finish
       initialization first and then use PySys_GetAttrString("path") */
    config.module_search_paths_set = 1;
    status = PyWideStringList_Append(&config.module_search_paths,
                                     L"/path/to/stdlib");
    if (PyStatus_Exception(status)) {
        goto done;
    }
    status = PyWideStringList_Append(&config.module_search_paths,
                                     L"/path/to/more/modules");
    if (PyStatus_Exception(status)) {
        goto done;
    }

    /* Override executable computed by PyConfig_Read() */
    status = PyConfig_SetString(&config, &config.executable,
                                L"/path/to/my_executable");
    if (PyStatus_Exception(status)) {
        goto done;
    }

    status = Py_InitializeFromConfig(&config);

done:
    PyConfig_Clear(&config);
    return status;
}

void init_python(void)
{
    PyStatus status;

    PyConfig config;
    PyConfig_InitPythonConfig(&config);
    config._init_main = 0;

    /* ... customize 'config' configuration ... */

    status = Py_InitializeFromConfig(&config);
    PyConfig_Clear(&config);
    if (PyStatus_Exception(status)) {
        Py_ExitStatusException(status);
    }

    /* Use sys.stderr because sys.stdout is only created
       by _Py_InitializeMain() */
    int res = PyRun_SimpleString(
        "import sys; "
        "print('Run Python code before _Py_InitializeMain', "
               "file=sys.stderr)");
    if (res < 0) {
        exit(1);
    }

    /* ... put more configuration code here ... */

    status = _Py_InitializeMain();
    if (PyStatus_Exception(status)) {
        Py_ExitStatusException(status);
    }
}