viewBox

The viewBox attribute defines the position and dimension, in user space, of an SVG viewport.

The value of the viewBox attribute is a list of four numbers separated by whitespace and/or a comma: min-x, min-y, width, and height. min-x and min-y represent the smallest X and Y coordinates that the viewBox may have (the origin coordinates of the viewBox) and the width and height specify the viewBox size. The resulting viewBox is a rectangle in user space mapped to the bounds of the viewport of an SVG element (not the browser viewport). When an SVG contains a viewBox attribute (often in combination with a preserveAspectRatio attribute), a transform stretches or resizes the SVG viewport to fit a particular container element.

Elements

You can use this attribute with the SVG elements described in the sections below.

`<marker>`

For {{SVGElement('marker')}}, viewBox defines the position and dimension for the content of the <marker> element.

<table class="properties"> <tbody> <tr> <th scope="row">Value</th> <td> <strong ><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/SVG/Guides/Content_type#number" ><number></a ></strong >,? <strong ><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/SVG/Guides/Content_type#number" ><number></a ></strong >,? <strong ><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/SVG/Guides/Content_type#number" ><number></a ></strong >,? <strong ><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/SVG/Guides/Content_type#number" ><number></a ></strong > </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Default value</th> <td><em>none</em></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Animatable</th> <td>Yes</td> </tr> </tbody> </table>

`<pattern>`

For {{SVGElement('pattern')}}, viewBox defines the position and dimension for the content of the pattern tile.

`<svg>`

For {{SVGElement('svg')}}, viewBox defines the position and dimension for the content of the <svg> element.

`<symbol>`

For {{SVGElement('symbol')}}, viewBox defines the position and dimension for the content of the <symbol> element.

`<view>`

For {{SVGElement('view')}}, viewBox defines the position and dimension for the content of the <view> element.

Examples

css

html,
body,
svg {
  height: 100%;
  vertical-align: top;
}
svg:not(:root) {
  display: inline-block;
}

The code snippet below includes three {{SVGElement("svg")}}s with different viewBox attribute values and identical {{SVGElement("rect")}} and {{SVGElement("circle")}} descendants creating very different results. The size of <rect> is defined using relative units, so the visual size of the square produced looks unchanged regardless of the viewBox value. The radius length {{SVGAttr("r")}} attribute of the <circle> is the same in each case, but this user unit value is resolved against the size defined in the viewBox, producing different results in each case.

html

<svg viewBox="0 0 100 100" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
  <rect x="0" y="0" width="100%" height="100%" />
  <circle cx="50%" cy="50%" r="4" fill="white" />
</svg>

<svg viewBox="0 0 10 10" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
  <rect x="0" y="0" width="100%" height="100%" />
  <circle cx="50%" cy="50%" r="4" fill="white" />
</svg>

<svg viewBox="-5 -5 10 10" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
  <rect x="0" y="0" width="100%" height="100%" />
  <circle cx="50%" cy="50%" r="4" fill="white" />
</svg>

The user units of r="4" are resolved against the viewBox sizes, creating dramatically different circle sizes. The exact effect of the viewBox attribute is influenced by the {{ SVGAttr("preserveAspectRatio") }} attribute.

[!NOTE] Values for width or height lower or equal to 0 disable rendering of the element.

Elements

<marker>

<pattern>

<svg>

<symbol>

<view>