Back to Content

: The Menu element

files/en-us/web/html/reference/elements/menu/index.md

latest5.5 KB
Original Source

The <menu> HTML element is described in the HTML specification as a semantic alternative to {{HTMLElement("ul")}}, but treated by browsers (and exposed through the accessibility tree) as no different than {{HTMLElement("ul")}}. It represents an unordered list of items (which are represented by {{HTMLElement("li")}} elements).

{{InteractiveExample("HTML Demo: <menu>", "tabbed-shorter")}}

html
<div class="news">
  <a href="#">NASA's Webb Delivers Deepest Infrared Image of Universe Yet</a>
  <menu>
    <li><button id="save">Save for later</button></li>
    <li><button id="share">Share this news</button></li>
  </menu>
</div>
css
.news {
  background-color: bisque;
  padding: 1em;
  border: solid thin black;
}

menu {
  list-style-type: none;
  display: flex;
  padding: 0;
  margin-bottom: 0;
  gap: 1em;
}

Attributes

This element also accepts the global attributes.

  • compact {{Deprecated_inline}}
    • : This Boolean attribute hints that the list should be rendered in a compact style. The interpretation of this attribute is browser-specific. Use CSS instead: to give a similar effect as the compact attribute, the CSS property {{cssxref("line-height")}} can be used with a value of 80%.

Usage notes

The <menu> and {{HTMLElement("ul")}} elements both represent an unordered list of items. The key difference is that {{HTMLElement("ul")}} primarily contains items for display, while <menu> represents a toolbar containing commands that the user can perform or activate.

[!NOTE] In early versions of the HTML specification, the <menu> element had an additional use case as a context menu. This functionality is considered obsolete and is not in the specification.

Examples

Toolbar

In this example, a <menu> is used to create a toolbar for an editing application.

HTML

html
<menu>
  <li><button onclick="copy()">Copy</button></li>
  <li><button onclick="cut()">Cut</button></li>
  <li><button onclick="paste()">Paste</button></li>
</menu>

Note that this is functionally no different from:

html
<ul>
  <li><button onclick="copy()">Copy</button></li>
  <li><button onclick="cut()">Cut</button></li>
  <li><button onclick="paste()">Paste</button></li>
</ul>

CSS

css
menu,
ul {
  display: flex;
  list-style: none;
  padding: 0;
  width: 400px;
}

li {
  flex-grow: 1;
}

button {
  width: 100%;
}

Result

{{EmbedLiveSample("Toolbar", "100%", 100)}}

Technical summary

<table class="properties"> <tbody> <tr> <th scope="row"> <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Content_categories" >Content categories</a > </th> <td> <p> <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Content_categories#flow_content" >Flow content</a >. If the element's children include at least one {{HTMLElement("li")}} element: <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Content_categories#palpable_content" >Palpable content</a >. </p> </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Permitted content</th> <td> <p> Zero or more occurrences of {{HTMLElement("li")}}, {{HTMLElement("script")}}, and {{HTMLElement("template")}}. </p> </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Tag omission</th> <td>None, both the starting and ending tag are mandatory.</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Permitted parents</th> <td> Any element that accepts <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Guides/Content_categories#flow_content" >flow content</a >. </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Implicit ARIA role</th> <td> <code ><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/Accessibility/ARIA/Reference/Roles/list_role" >list</a ></code > </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Permitted ARIA roles</th> <td> <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/Accessibility/ARIA/Reference/Roles/directory_role"><code>directory</code></a>, <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/Accessibility/ARIA/Reference/Roles/group_role"><code>group</code></a>, <code ><a href="/en-US/docs/Web/Accessibility/ARIA/Reference/Roles/listbox_role" >listbox</a ></code >, <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/Accessibility/ARIA/Reference/Roles/menu_role"><code>menu</code></a>, <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/Accessibility/ARIA/Reference/Roles/menubar_role"><code>menubar</code></a>, <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/Accessibility/ARIA/Reference/Roles/none_role"><code>none</code></a>, <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/Accessibility/ARIA/Reference/Roles/presentation_role"><code>presentation</code></a>, <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/Accessibility/ARIA/Reference/Roles/radiogroup_role"><code>radiogroup</code></a>, <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/Accessibility/ARIA/Reference/Roles/tablist_role"><code>tablist</code></a>, <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/Accessibility/ARIA/Reference/Roles/toolbar_role"><code>toolbar</code></a> or <a href="/en-US/docs/Web/Accessibility/ARIA/Reference/Roles/tree_role"><code>tree</code></a> </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">DOM interface</th> <td>{{DOMxRef("HTMLMenuElement")}}</td> </tr> </tbody> </table>

Specifications

{{Specifications}}

Browser compatibility

{{Compat}}

See also

  • Other list-related HTML Elements: {{HTMLElement("ol")}}, {{HTMLElement("ul")}}, and {{HTMLElement("li")}}.