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CSS scroll-driven animations

files/en-us/web/css/guides/scroll-driven_animations/index.md

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The CSS scroll-driven animations module provides functionality that builds on the CSS animations module and Web Animations API. It allows you to animate property values along a scroll-based timeline rather than the default time-based document timeline. This means that you can animate an element by scrolling the element, its scroll container, or its root element, rather than just by the passing of time.

Scroll-driven animations in action

You can define the scroller that controls the animation either by naming the animation or with the {{cssxref("animation-timeline/scroll", "scroll()")}} function.

html
<main>
  <div></div>
</main>
css
main {
  scroll-timeline: --main-timeline;
}

div {
  animation: background-animation linear;
  animation-timeline: scroll(nearest inline);
}

div::after {
  animation: shape-animation linear;
  animation-timeline: --main-timeline;
}
css
@layer animations {
  @keyframes background-animation {
    0% {
      background-color: palegoldenrod;
    }
    100% {
      background-color: magenta;
    }
  }
  @keyframes shape-animation {
    0% {
      left: 0;
      top: 0;
      background-color: black;
    }
    50% {
      top: calc(100% - var(--elSize));
      left: calc(50% - var(--elSize));
      background-color: red;
    }
    100% {
      left: calc(100vw - var(--elSize));
      top: 0;
      rotate: 1800deg;
      background-color: white;
    }
  }
}

@layer page-setup {
  :root {
    --elSize: 50px;
  }
  main {
    height: 90vh;
    overflow: scroll;
    border: 1px solid;
    margin: 5vh auto;
  }
  div {
    height: 400vh;
    width: 400vw;
  }
  div::after {
    content: "";
    border: 1px solid red;
    height: var(--elSize);
    width: var(--elSize);
    position: absolute;
    border-radius: 20px;
    corner-shape: superellipse(-4);
  }
}

@layer no-support {
  @supports not (scroll-timeline: --main-timeline) {
    body::before {
      content: "Your browser doesn't support scroll-driven animations.";
      background-color: wheat;
      display: block;
      text-align: center;
    }
  }
}

{{EmbedLiveSample("scroll_animation", "", "400px")}}

Scroll the element in the inline direction to see its background color change. Scroll it vertically to see the generated content move, spin, and change colors.

Reference

Properties

  • {{cssxref("animation-range")}} shorthand
    • {{cssxref("animation-range-end")}}
    • {{cssxref("animation-range-start")}}
  • {{cssxref("scroll-timeline")}} shorthand
    • {{cssxref("scroll-timeline-axis")}}
    • {{cssxref("scroll-timeline-name")}}
  • {{cssxref("timeline-scope")}}
  • {{cssxref("view-timeline")}} shorthand
    • {{cssxref("view-timeline-axis")}}
    • {{cssxref("view-timeline-inset")}}
    • {{cssxref("view-timeline-name")}}

Data types and values

  • {{cssxref("axis")}}
  • {{cssxref("timeline-range-name")}}

Functions

  • {{cssxref("animation-timeline/scroll", "scroll()")}}
  • {{cssxref("animation-timeline/view", "view()")}}

Interfaces

  • {{domxref("ScrollTimeline")}}
  • {{domxref("ViewTimeline")}}

Guides

  • CSS animations module
  • CSS overflow module
  • Web Animations API
    • {{domxref("Element.animate()")}}
    • {{domxref("Animation")}}
    • {{domxref("AnimationTimeline")}}
    • {{domxref("DocumentTimeline")}}
    • {{domxref("KeyframeEffect")}}

Specifications

{{Specifications}}

See also