Exercise: Collatz Sequence

The Collatz Sequence is defined as follows, for an arbitrary n₁ greater than zero:

• If n_i is 1, then the sequence terminates at n_i.
• If n_i is even, then n_i+1 = n_i / 2.
• If n_i is odd, then n_i+1 = 3 * n_i + 1.

For example, beginning with n₁ = 3:

• 3 is odd, so n₂ = 3 * 3 + 1 = 10;
• 10 is even, so n₃ = 10 / 2 = 5;
• 5 is odd, so n₄ = 3 * 5 + 1 = 16;
• 16 is even, so n₅ = 16 / 2 = 8;
• 8 is even, so n₆ = 8 / 2 = 4;
• 4 is even, so n₇ = 4 / 2 = 2;
• 2 is even, so n₈ = 1; and
• the sequence terminates.

Write a function to calculate the length of the Collatz sequence for a given initial n.

# // Copyright 2023 Google LLC
# // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
#
{{#include exercise.rs:collatz_length}}
  todo!("Implement this")
}

{{#include exercise.rs:main}}