Source Ledger

Research date: 2026-07-24

Method: targeted parallel-cli search and parallel-cli extract queries restricted to official guideline organizations, standards bodies, government sites, and original statement publications. No search-result artifacts are bundled. Re-check every source and the target journal immediately before submission because policies can change.

Source IDs in this ledger ground factual statements in the skill. They are not evidence IDs for a user's manuscript.

Publication ethics, authorship, and AI

SW-S01 — ICMJE Recommendations

• Organization: International Committee of Medical Journal Editors
• Version: Updated January 2026
• URL: https://www.icmje.org/icmje-recommendations.pdf
• Used for: authorship criteria, human accountability, AI disclosure, reference verification, confidentiality, peer review, reporting guidelines, corrections, and data-access expectations.

SW-S02 — ICMJE January 2026 update notice

• Organization: ICMJE
• Date: January 2026
• URL: https://www.icmje.org/news-and-editorials/updated_recommendations_jan2026.html
• Used for: confirmation that the 2026 update added expanded AI guidance and author access-to-data guidance.

SW-S03 — COPE position on authorship and AI tools

• Organization: Committee on Publication Ethics
• Formal position last reviewed: 2023; current page retrieved 2026-07-24
• URL: https://publicationethics.org/guidance/cope-position/authorship-and-ai-tools
• Used for: AI cannot be an author; authors disclose use and remain responsible.

SW-S04 — COPE Code of Conduct status

• Organization: COPE
• Current page date surfaced by search: 2026-07-15
• URL: https://publicationethics.org/membership/code-of-conduct
• Used for: as of the research date, the 2017 Core Practices had been retired in 2024 and COPE stated that a replacement Code of Conduct would be published in 2026.

SW-S05 — COPE history of Code and Core Practices

• Organization: COPE
• URL: https://publicationethics.org/about/what-we-do/our-story/history-code-conduct
• Used for: historical context only; archived Core Practices must not be presented as current membership standards.

Reporting guidelines

SW-S06 — EQUATOR reporting-guideline library

• Organization: EQUATOR Network
• URL: https://www.equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/
• Used for: study-type discovery, extensions, translations, and current official links.

SW-S07 — Joint SPIRIT–CONSORT resource

• Organization: SPIRIT–CONSORT
• Version: CONSORT 2025 and SPIRIT 2025
• URL: https://www.consort-spirit.org/
• Used for: current statements, editable checklists, expanded checklists, flow or timeline diagrams, and explanation-and-elaboration resources.

SW-S08 — CONSORT 2025 statement

• Original statement publication: BMJ
• Date: 2025
• URL: https://www.bmj.com/content/389/bmj-2024-081123
• Used for: current randomized-trial reporting statement and scope.

SW-S09 — SPIRIT 2025 statement

• Original statement publication: JAMA
• Date: 2025-04-28
• URL: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2833408
• Used for: current randomized-trial protocol reporting statement and scope.

SW-S10 — PRISMA 2020

• Organization: PRISMA
• URL: https://www.prisma-statement.org/prisma-2020
• Checklist URL: https://www.prisma-statement.org/prisma-2020-checklist
• Used for: systematic review and meta-analysis reporting.

SW-S11 — STROBE checklists

• Organization: STROBE Initiative
• Version: original 2007 statement; current official checklist page
• URL: https://www.strobe-statement.org/checklists/
• Used for: cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional study reporting.

SW-S12 — STARD

• Organization: UK EQUATOR Centre
• Version shown by source: STARD 2015 v1.1
• URL: https://resources.equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/stard
• Used for: diagnostic-accuracy reporting and the explicit distinction between reporting completeness and appraisal of study quality.

SW-S13 — STARD-AI

• Original consensus statement publication: Nature Medicine
• Date: 2025
• URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-025-03953-8
• Used for: diagnostic-accuracy studies evaluating AI systems.

SW-S14 — TRIPOD+AI and TRIPOD-LLM

• Organization: TRIPOD
• Versions: TRIPOD+AI 2024; TRIPOD-LLM 2025
• URL: https://www.tripod-statement.org/
• EQUATOR record: https://www.equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/tripod-statement
• Used for: prediction-model studies using regression or machine learning and the LLM extension. The official site states that TRIPOD+AI replaces TRIPOD 2015.

SW-S15 — CARE

• Organization: CARE
• Version: 2013
• URL: https://www.care-statement.org/checklist
• Used for: case-report reporting and consent-sensitive coverage.

SW-S16 — ARRIVE 2.0

• Organization: NC3Rs ARRIVE
• Date: 2020
• URL: https://arriveguidelines.org/arrive-guidelines
• Author checklists: https://arriveguidelines.org/resources/author-checklists
• Used for: in vivo animal research, Essential 10, and Recommended Set.

SW-S17 — SQUIRE 2.0

• Organization: SQUIRE
• Date: 2015
• URL: https://www.squire-statement.org/index.cfm?fuseaction=page.viewPage&pageID=471&nodeID=1
• Used for: healthcare quality-improvement reporting.

SW-S18 — CHEERS 2022

• Organization: ISPOR
• Date: 2022
• URL: https://www.ispor.org/heor-resources/good-practices/article/consolidated-health-economic-evaluation-reporting-standards-2022-cheers-2022-statement-updated-reporting-guidance-for-health-economic-evaluations
• EQUATOR record: https://www.equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/cheers/
• Used for: health economic evaluation reporting.

SW-S31 — CONSORT-AI extension

• Organization: EQUATOR Network record for the CONSORT-AI Working Group
• Date: 2020; EQUATOR record updated 2026-04-04
• URL: https://www.equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/consort-artificial-intelligence/
• Used for: trial reports evaluating interventions with an AI component.

SW-S32 — SPIRIT-AI extension

• Organization: EQUATOR Network record for the SPIRIT-AI Working Group
• Date: 2020; EQUATOR record updated 2025-05-30
• URL: https://www.equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/spirit-artificial-intelligence/
• Used for: protocols for trials evaluating interventions with an AI component.

SW-S33 — SRQR

• Organization: EQUATOR Network record for the original guideline
• Date: 2014; EQUATOR record updated 2023-01-18
• URL: https://www.equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/srqr/
• Used for: reporting qualitative research studies.

Contributions and references

SW-S19 — CRediT Contributor Role Taxonomy

• Standards body: NISO
• Standard: ANSI/NISO Z39.104-2022
• URL: https://credit.niso.org/
• Role definitions: https://credit.niso.org/contributor-roles/
• Used for: the 14 contribution roles and the rule that CRediT describes contributions but does not determine authorship.

SW-S20 — NLM Citing Medicine

• Organization: U.S. National Library of Medicine
• URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7256/
• Used for: source-type-specific biomedical reference formatting.

SW-S21 — NLM sample references

• Organization: U.S. National Library of Medicine
• URL: https://www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/uniform_requirements.html
• Used for: verified examples for articles, datasets, software, and online material.

Journal-policy examples

SW-S22 — Nature Portfolio reporting and availability policies

• Publisher: Nature Portfolio
• URL: https://www.nature.com/nature-portfolio/editorial-policies/reporting-standards
• Used for: journal-specific reporting, materials, data, code, protocol, and restriction disclosures as an example of a publisher policy.

SW-S23 — Nature Portfolio authorship policy

• Publisher: Nature Portfolio
• URL: https://www.nature.com/nature-portfolio/editorial-policies/authorship
• Used for: authorship, contribution statements, and accountability as a journal-policy example.

SW-S24 — JAMA guidance on AI use

• Publisher: JAMA Network
• Date: 2023-07-27
• URL: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2807956
• Used for: an example journal policy on authors, reviewers, editors, disclosure, and confidential peer-review material.

SW-S25 — JAMA Instructions for Authors

• Journal: JAMA
• URL: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/pages/instructions-for-authors
• Used for: an example of venue-specific article types, limits, statements, and submission requirements.

SW-S26 — PLOS Biology data availability policy

• Publisher: PLOS
• URL: https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/s/data-availability
• Used for: an example policy that balances availability with consent, privacy, legal, ethical, and other sensitive-data restrictions.

Research integrity and open science

SW-S27 — European Code of Conduct for Research Integrity

• Organization: ALLEA
• Version: 2023 revised edition
• DOI: 10.26356/ECOC
• URL: https://allea.org/portfolio-item/european-code-of-conduct-2023
• Used for: reliability, honesty, respect, accountability, data practices, open science, and responsible research culture.

SW-S28 — UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science

• Organization: UNESCO
• Adopted: 2021
• URL: https://www.unesco.org/en/open-science/about
• Used for: openness that is equitable and as open as possible while respecting confidentiality, personal information, intellectual property, and other legitimate restrictions.

SW-S29 — NIH Data Management and Sharing Policy

• Organization: U.S. National Institutes of Health
• Effective: 2023-01-25
• URL: https://grants.nih.gov/policy-and-compliance/policy-topics/sharing-policies/dms/policy-overview
• Used for: planning, budgeting, submitting, and complying with data-management and sharing plans where the policy applies.

SW-S30 — TOP Guidelines

• Organization: Center for Open Science
• Version: TOP 2025
• URL: https://www.cos.io/initiatives/top-guidelines
• Used for: study registration, protocols, analysis plans, materials, data, code, reporting transparency, and verification-oriented policy practices.