third_party/aria-practices/src/content/patterns/tabs/examples/tabs-actions.html
This is an experimental implementation of the draft specification of the aria-actions attribute. The aria-actions property enables an element to reference another interactive element that can be activated to perform an action on the referencing element. In this example, each tab element references a menu button that opens a menu of actions that apply to the referencing tab. The relationship provided by aria-actions enables an assistive technology to both communicate the availability of the action button and provide a command for activating the button while focus is on the tab.
The below example demonstrates a tabs widget that implements the Tabs Pattern. In this example, a panel is displayed when users activate its tab with either Space, Enter, or a mouse click. So, for keyboard users, activating a tab requires two steps: 1) focus the tab, and 2) activate the tab. This two-step process is referred to as manual activation. Manual activation of tabs is recommended unless panels can be displayed instantly, i.e., all the panel content is present in the DOM. For additional guidance, see Deciding When to Make Selection Automatically Follow Focus.
This example also demonstrates how to provide buttons that provide contextual actions for the tab. Each tab has an associated context actions menu button. The menu button is referenced by aria-actions, which enables it to be activated by an assistive technology user while focus is on the tab.
Similar examples include:
Nurse shark
Basking shark
Whale shark
Goblin shark
The nurse shark (Ginglymostoma cirratum) is an elasmobranch fish in the family Ginglymostomatidae. The conservation status of the nurse shark is globally assessed as Vulnerable in the IUCN List of Threatened Species. They are considered to be a species of least concern in the United States and in The Bahamas, but considered to be near threatened in the western Atlantic Ocean because of their vulnerable status in South America and reported threats throughout many areas of Central America and the Caribbean. They are directly targeted in some fisheries and considered by-catch in others.
The basking shark (Cetorhinus maximus) is the second-largest living shark and fish, after the whale shark. It is one of three plankton-eating shark species, along with the whale shark and megamouth shark. Typically, basking sharks reach 7.9 m (26 ft) in length. It is usually greyish-brown, with mottled skin, with the inside of the mouth being white in colour. The caudal fin has a strong lateral keel and a crescent shape. Other common names include bone shark, elephant shark, sailfish, and sunfish. In Orkney, it is called hoe-mother (contracted homer), meaning "the mother of the picked dogfish".
The whale shark (Rhincodon typus) is a slow-moving, filter-feeding carpet shark and the largest known extant fish species. The largest confirmed individual had a length of 18.8 m (61.7 ft). The whale shark holds many records for size in the animal kingdom, most notably being by far the most massive living non-cetacean animal. It is the sole member of the genus Rhincodon and the only extant member of the family Rhincodontidae, which belongs to the subclass Elasmobranchii in the class Chondrichthyes. Before 1984 it was classified as Rhiniodon into Rhinodontidae.
The goblin shark (Mitsukurina owstoni) is a rare species of deep-sea shark. Sometimes called a "living fossil", it is the only extant representative of the family Mitsukurinidae, a lineage some 125 million years old. This pink-skinned animal has a distinctive profile with an elongated, flat snout, and highly protrusible jaws containing prominent nail-like teeth. It is usually between 3 and 4 m (10 and 13 ft) long when mature, though it can grow considerably larger such as one captured in 2000 that is thought to have measured 6 m (20 ft). Goblin sharks are benthopelagic creatures that inhabit upper continental slopes, submarine canyons, and seamounts throughout the world at depths greater than 100 m (330 ft), with adults found deeper than juveniles. Some researchers believe that these sharks could also dive to depths of up to 1,300 m (4,270 ft), for short periods of time.
To ensure people who rely on browser or operating system high contrast settings can both distinguish the active (selected) tab from other tabs and perceive keyboard focus:
span element of the tab element. This focus span is separated from the tab border by 2 pixels of space to ensure focus and selection are separately perceivable. Note that when a tab element is focused, the outline of the tab element itself is set to 0 so that only one focus ring is displayed.span element has a visible border. When span elements are not indicating focus, they have a 0-width border and additional padding equal in width to the border that is used to indicate focus.Note that since the first element in every tabpanel is a focusable element (i.e., a link), the tabpanel is not included in the page Tab sequence. To make it easy for screen reader users to navigate from a tab to the beginning of content in the active tabpanel, it is recommended that all tabpanel elements in a tab set are focusable if there are any panels in the set that contain content where the first element in the panel is not focusable.
To ensure the tab content remains visible when the screen is magnified, the width of the tabs and tab panels are defined using a percentage of the screen width. As the page is magnified the height of the tab increases and the tab content re-flows to the new dimensions of the tab.
| Key | Function |
|---|---|
| Tab |
tablist, places focus on the active tab.tab, places focus on its associated menu button.button associated with a tab, moves focus to one of the following depending on which is nearest in the forward tab sequence:
tab.tablist. In this example, that is the a element in tabpanel.| | Shift + Tab |
tablist, places focus on the menu button associated with the active tab.button associated with a tab, places focus on that tab.tab, moves focus to one of the following depending on which is nearest in the backward tab sequence:
tab.tablist.|
| Enter
Space | When a tab has focus, activates the tab, causing its associated panel to be displayed. |
| Right Arrow | When a tab or its associated menu button have focus:
tab.tab, moves focus to the first tab.|
| Left Arrow | When a tab or its associated menu button have focus:
tab.tab, moves focus to the last tab.|
| Home | When a tab has focus, moves focus to the first tab. |
| End | When a tab has focus, moves focus to the last tab. |
Keyboard support for each tab’s associated menu button is documented in Menu Button Pattern.
| Role | Attribute | Element | Usage |
|---|---|---|---|
tablist | div | Indicates that the element serves as a container for a set of tabs. | |
aria-labelledby="ID_REFERENCE" | div | Provides a label that describes the purpose of the set of tabs. | |
tab | button |
tabpanel.|
| | aria-selected="true" | button |
tablist.|
| | aria-selected="false" | button |
|
| | tabindex="-1" | button |
button element is used for the tab, it is not necessary to set tabindex="0" on the selected (active) tab element.|
| | aria-controls="ID_REFERENCE" | button | Refers to the tabpanel element associated with the tab. |
| | aria-actions="ID_REFERENCE" | button | Refers to the context actions menu button element associated with the tab. |
| tabpanel | | div |
tab control is activated.|
| | aria-labelledby="ID_REFERENCE" | div |
tab element that controls the panel.|
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