proxy-rewrite - Apisix

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Description

The proxy-rewrite Plugin offers options to rewrite requests that APISIX forwards to Upstream services. With this plugin, you can modify the HTTP methods, request destination Upstream addresses, request headers, and more.

Attributes

Name	Type	Required	Default	Valid values	Description
uri	string	False			New Upstream URI path. Value supports NGINX variables. For example, `$arg_name`.
method	string	False		["GET", "POST", "PUT", "HEAD", "DELETE", "OPTIONS","MKCOL", "COPY", "MOVE", "PROPFIND", "PROPFIND","LOCK", "UNLOCK", "PATCH", "TRACE"]	HTTP method to rewrite requests to use.
regex_uri	array[string]	False			Regular expressions used to match the URI path from client requests and compose a new Upstream URI path. When both `uri` and `regex_uri` are configured, `uri` has a higher priority. The array should contain one or more key-value pairs, with the key being the regular expression to match URI against and value being the new Upstream URI path. For example, with `["^/iresty/(. )/(. )", "/$1-$2", ^/theothers/*", "/theothers"]`, if a request is originally sent to `/iresty/hello/world`, the Plugin will rewrite the Upstream URI path to `/iresty/hello-world`; if a request is originally sent to `/theothers/hello/world`, the Plugin will rewrite the Upstream URI path to `/theothers`.
host	string	False			Set `Host` request header.
headers	object	False			Header actions to be executed. Can be set to objects of action verbs `add`, `remove`, and/or `set`; or an object consisting of headers to be `set`. When multiple action verbs are configured, actions are executed in the order of `add`, `remove`, and `set`.
headers.add	object	False			Headers to append to requests. If a header already present in the request, the header value will be appended. Header value could be set to a constant, one or more NGINX variables, or the matched result of `regex_uri` using variables such as `$1-$2-$3`.
headers.set	object	False			Headers to set to requests. If a header already present in the request, the header value will be overwritten. Header value could be set to a constant, one or more NGINX variables, or the matched result of `regex_uri` using variables such as `$1-$2-$3`. Should not be used to set `Host`.
headers.remove	array[string]	False			Headers to remove from requests.
use_real_request_uri_unsafe	boolean	False	false		If true, bypass URI normalization and allow for the full original request URI. Enabling this option is considered unsafe.

Examples

The examples below demonstrate how you can configure proxy-rewrite on a Route in different scenarios.

:::note

You can fetch the admin_key from config.yaml and save to an environment variable with the following command:

bash

admin_key=$(yq '.deployment.admin.admin_key[0].key' conf/config.yaml | sed 's/"//g')

:::

Rewrite Host Header

The following example demonstrates how you can modify the Host header in a request. Note that you should not use headers.set to set the Host header.

shell

curl "http://127.0.0.1:9180/apisix/admin/routes" -X PUT \
  -H "X-API-KEY: ${admin_key}" \
  -d '{
    "id": "proxy-rewrite-route",
    "methods": ["GET"],
    "uri": "/headers",
    "plugins": {
      "proxy-rewrite": {
        "host": "myapisix.demo"
      }
    },
    "upstream": {
      "type": "roundrobin",
      "nodes": {
        "httpbin.org:80": 1
      }
    }
  }'

Send a request to /headers to check all the request headers sent to upstream:

shell

curl "http://127.0.0.1:9080/headers"

You should see a response similar to the following:

text

{
  "headers": {
    "Accept": "*/*",
    "Host": "myapisix.demo",
    "User-Agent": "curl/8.2.1",
    "X-Amzn-Trace-Id": "Root=1-64fef198-29da0970383150175bd2d76d",
    "X-Forwarded-Host": "127.0.0.1"
  }
}

Rewrite URI And Set Headers

The following example demonstrates how you can rewrite the request Upstream URI and set additional header values. If the same headers present in the client request, the corresponding header values set in the Plugin will overwrite the values present in the client request.

shell

curl "http://127.0.0.1:9180/apisix/admin/routes" -X PUT \
  -H "X-API-KEY: ${admin_key}" \
  -d '{
    "id": "proxy-rewrite-route",
    "methods": ["GET"],
    "uri": "/",
    "plugins": {
      "proxy-rewrite": {
        "uri": "/anything",
        "headers": {
          "set": {
            "X-Api-Version": "v1",
            "X-Api-Engine": "apisix"
          }
        }
      }
    },
    "upstream": {
      "type": "roundrobin",
      "nodes": {
        "httpbin.org:80": 1
      }
    }
  }'

Send a request to verify:

shell

curl "http://127.0.0.1:9080/" -H '"X-Api-Version": "v2"'

You should see a response similar to the following:

text

{
  "args": {},
  "data": "",
  "files": {},
  "form": {},
  "headers": {
    "Accept": "*/*",
    "Host": "httpbin.org",
    "User-Agent": "curl/8.2.1",
    "X-Amzn-Trace-Id": "Root=1-64fed73a-59cd3bd640d76ab16c97f1f1",
    "X-Api-Engine": "apisix",
    "X-Api-Version": "v1",
    "X-Forwarded-Host": "127.0.0.1"
  },
  "json": null,
  "method": "GET",
  "origin": "::1, 103.248.35.179",
  "url": "http://localhost/anything"
}

Note that both headers present and the header value of X-Api-Version configured in the Plugin overwrites the header value passed in the request.

Rewrite URI And Append Headers

The following example demonstrates how you can rewrite the request Upstream URI and append additional header values. If the same headers present in the client request, their headers values will append to the configured header values in the plugin.

shell

curl "http://127.0.0.1:9180/apisix/admin/routes" -X PUT \
  -H "X-API-KEY: ${admin_key}" \
  -d '{
    "id": "proxy-rewrite-route",
    "methods": ["GET"],
    "uri": "/",
    "plugins": {
      "proxy-rewrite": {
        "uri": "/headers",
        "headers": {
          "add": {
            "X-Api-Version": "v1",
            "X-Api-Engine": "apisix"
          }
        }
      }
    },
    "upstream": {
      "type": "roundrobin",
      "nodes": {
        "httpbin.org:80": 1
      }
    }
  }'

Send a request to verify:

shell

curl "http://127.0.0.1:9080/" -H '"X-Api-Version": "v2"'

You should see a response similar to the following:

text

{
  "headers": {
    "Accept": "*/*",
    "Host": "httpbin.org",
    "User-Agent": "curl/8.2.1",
    "X-Amzn-Trace-Id": "Root=1-64fed73a-59cd3bd640d76ab16c97f1f1",
    "X-Api-Engine": "apisix",
    "X-Api-Version": "v1,v2",
    "X-Forwarded-Host": "127.0.0.1"
  }
}

Note that both headers present and the header value of X-Api-Version configured in the Plugin is appended by the header value passed in the request.

Remove Existing Header

The following example demonstrates how you can remove an existing header User-Agent.

shell

curl "http://127.0.0.1:9180/apisix/admin/routes" -X PUT \
  -H "X-API-KEY: ${admin_key}" \
  -d '{
    "id": "proxy-rewrite-route",
    "methods": ["GET"],
    "uri": "/headers",
    "plugins": {
      "proxy-rewrite": {
        "headers": {
          "remove":[
            "User-Agent"
          ]
        }
      }
    },
    "upstream": {
      "type": "roundrobin",
      "nodes": {
        "httpbin.org:80": 1
      }
    }
  }'

Send a request to verify if the specified header is removed:

shell

curl "http://127.0.0.1:9080/headers"

You should see a response similar to the following, where the User-Agent header is not present:

text

{
  "headers": {
    "Accept": "*/*",
    "Host": "httpbin.org",
    "X-Amzn-Trace-Id": "Root=1-64fef302-07f2b13e0eb006ba776ad91d",
    "X-Forwarded-Host": "127.0.0.1"
  }
}

Rewrite URI Using RegEx

The following example demonstrates how you can parse text from the original Upstream URI path and use them to compose a new Upstream URI path. In this example, APISIX is configured to forward all requests from /test/user/agent to /user-agent.

shell

curl "http://127.0.0.1:9180/apisix/admin/routes" -X PUT \
  -H "X-API-KEY: ${admin_key}" \
  -d '{
    "id": "proxy-rewrite-route",
    "uri": "/test/*",
    "plugins": {
      "proxy-rewrite": {
        "regex_uri": ["^/test/(.*)/(.*)", "/$1-$2"]
      }
    },
    "upstream": {
      "type": "roundrobin",
      "nodes": {
        "httpbin.org:80": 1
      }
    }
  }'

Send a request to /test/user/agent to check if it is redirected to /user-agent:

shell

curl "http://127.0.0.1:9080/test/user/agent"

You should see a response similar to the following:

text

{
  "user-agent": "curl/8.2.1"
}

Add URL Parameters

The following example demonstrates how you can add URL parameters to the request.

shell

curl "http://127.0.0.1:9180/apisix/admin/routes" -X PUT \
  -H "X-API-KEY: ${admin_key}" \
  -d '{
    "id": "proxy-rewrite-route",
    "methods": ["GET"],
    "uri": "/get",
    "plugins": {
      "proxy-rewrite": {
        "uri": "/get?arg1=apisix&arg2=plugin"
      }
    },
    "upstream": {
      "type": "roundrobin",
      "nodes": {
        "httpbin.org:80": 1
      }
    }
  }'

Send a request to verify if the URL parameters are also forwarded to upstream:

shell

curl "http://127.0.0.1:9080/get"

You should see a response similar to the following:

text

{
  "args": {
    "arg1": "apisix",
    "arg2": "plugin"
  },
  "headers": {
    "Accept": "*/*",
    "Host": "127.0.0.1",
    "User-Agent": "curl/8.2.1",
    "X-Amzn-Trace-Id": "Root=1-64fef6dc-2b0e09591db7353a275cdae4",
    "X-Forwarded-Host": "127.0.0.1"
  },
  "origin": "127.0.0.1, 103.248.35.148",
  "url": "http://127.0.0.1/get?arg1=apisix&arg2=plugin"
}

Rewrite HTTP Method

The following example demonstrates how you can rewrite a GET request into a POST request.

shell

curl "http://127.0.0.1:9180/apisix/admin/routes" -X PUT \
  -H "X-API-KEY: ${admin_key}" \
  -d '{
    "id": "proxy-rewrite-route",
    "methods": ["GET"],
    "uri": "/get",
    "plugins": {
      "proxy-rewrite": {
        "uri": "/anything",
        "method":"POST"
      }
    },
    "upstream": {
      "type": "roundrobin",
      "nodes": {
        "httpbin.org:80": 1
      }
    }
  }'

Send a GET request to /get to verify if it is transformed into a POST request to /anything:

shell

curl "http://127.0.0.1:9080/get"

You should see a response similar to the following:

text

{
  "args": {},
  "data": "",
  "files": {},
  "form": {},
  "headers": {
    "Accept": "*/*",
    "Host": "127.0.0.1",
    "User-Agent": "curl/8.2.1",
    "X-Amzn-Trace-Id": "Root=1-64fef7de-0c63387645353998196317f2",
    "X-Forwarded-Host": "127.0.0.1"
  },
  "json": null,
  "method": "POST",
  "origin": "::1, 103.248.35.179",
  "url": "http://localhost/anything"
}

Forward Consumer Names to Upstream

The following example demonstrates how you can forward the name of consumers who authenticates successfully to Upstream services. As an example, you will be using key-auth as the authentication method.

Create a Consumer JohnDoe:

shell

curl "http://127.0.0.1:9180/apisix/admin/consumers" -X PUT \
  -H "X-API-KEY: ${admin_key}" \
  -d '{
    "username": "JohnDoe"
  }'

Create key-auth credential for the Consumer:

shell

curl "http://127.0.0.1:9180/apisix/admin/consumers/JohnDoe/credentials" -X PUT \
  -H "X-API-KEY: ${admin_key}" \
  -d '{
    "id": "cred-john-key-auth",
    "plugins": {
      "key-auth": {
        "key": "john-key"
      }
    }
  }'

Next, create a Route with key authentication enabled, configure proxy-rewrite to add Consumer name to the header, and remove the authentication key so that it is not visible to the Upstream service:

shell

curl "http://127.0.0.1:9180/apisix/admin/routes" -X PUT \
  -H "X-API-KEY: ${admin_key}" \
  -d '{
    "id": "consumer-restricted-route",
    "uri": "/get",
    "plugins": {
      "key-auth": {},
      "proxy-rewrite": {
        "headers": {
          "set": {
            "X-Apisix-Consumer": "$consumer_name"
          },
          "remove": [ "Apikey" ]
        }
      }
    },
    "upstream" : {
      "nodes": {
        "httpbin.org":1
      }
    }
  }'

Send a request to the Route as Consumer JohnDoe:

shell

curl -i "http://127.0.0.1:9080/get" -H 'apikey: john-key'

You should receive an HTTP/1.1 200 OK response with the following body:

text

{
  "args": {},
  "headers": {
    "Accept": "*/*",
    "Host": "127.0.0.1",
    "User-Agent": "curl/8.4.0",
    "X-Amzn-Trace-Id": "Root=1-664b01a6-2163c0156ed4bff51d87d877",
    "X-Apisix-Consumer": "JohnDoe",
    "X-Forwarded-Host": "127.0.0.1"
  },
  "origin": "172.19.0.1, 203.12.12.12",
  "url": "http://127.0.0.1/get"
}

Send another request to the Route without the valid credential:

shell

curl -i "http://127.0.0.1:9080/get"

You should receive an HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden response.