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Connect to MSSQL using SQLExecuteQueryOperator

providers/microsoft/mssql/docs/operators.rst

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.. _howto/operator:MsSqlOperator:

Connect to MSSQL using SQLExecuteQueryOperator

The purpose of this guide is to define tasks involving interactions with the MSSQL database using SQLExecuteQueryOperator.

Use the :class:SQLExecuteQueryOperator <airflow.providers.common.sql.operators.sql> to execute SQL commands in MSSQL database.

.. note:: Previously, MsSqlOperator was used to perform this kind of operation. Please use SQLExecuteQueryOperator instead.

Common Database Operations with SQLExecuteQueryOperator

To use the SQLExecuteQueryOperator to execute SQL queries against an MSSQL database, two parameters are required: sql and conn_id. These two parameters are eventually fed to the MSSQL hook object that interacts directly with the MSSQL database.

Creating a MSSQL database table

The code snippets below are based on Airflow-2.2

An example usage of the SQLExecuteQueryOperator to connect to MSSQL is as follows:

.. exampleinclude:: /../tests/system/microsoft/mssql/example_mssql.py :language: python :start-after: [START howto_operator_mssql] :end-before: [END howto_operator_mssql]

You can also use an external file to execute the SQL commands. Script folder must be at the same level as DAG.py file. This way you can easily maintain the SQL queries separated from the code.

.. exampleinclude:: /../tests/system/microsoft/mssql/example_mssql.py :language: python :start-after: [START mssql_operator_howto_guide_create_table_mssql_from_external_file] :end-before: [END mssql_operator_howto_guide_create_table_mssql_from_external_file]

Your dags/create_table.sql should look like this:

.. code-block::sql

  -- create Users table
  CREATE TABLE Users (
    user_id INT NOT NULL IDENTITY(1,1) PRIMARY KEY,
    username TEXT,
    description TEXT
);

Inserting data into a MSSQL database table

We can then create a SQLExecuteQueryOperator task that populate the Users table.

.. exampleinclude:: /../tests/system/microsoft/mssql/example_mssql.py :language: python :start-after: [START mssql_operator_howto_guide_populate_user_table] :end-before: [END mssql_operator_howto_guide_populate_user_table]

Fetching records from your MSSQL database table

Fetching records from your MSSQL database table can be as simple as:

.. exampleinclude:: /../tests/system/microsoft/mssql/example_mssql.py :language: python :start-after: [START mssql_operator_howto_guide_get_all_countries] :end-before: [END mssql_operator_howto_guide_get_all_countries]

Passing Parameters into SQLExecuteQueryOperator

SQLExecuteQueryOperator provides parameters attribute which makes it possible to dynamically inject values into your SQL requests during runtime.

To find the countries in Asian continent:

.. exampleinclude:: /../tests/system/microsoft/mssql/example_mssql.py :language: python :start-after: [START mssql_operator_howto_guide_params_passing_get_query] :end-before: [END mssql_operator_howto_guide_params_passing_get_query]

The complete SQLExecuteQueryOperator Dag to connect to MSSQL

When we put everything together, our Dag should look like this:

.. exampleinclude:: /../tests/system/microsoft/mssql/example_mssql.py :language: python :start-after: [START mssql_operator_howto_guide] :end-before: [END mssql_operator_howto_guide]